不同熟期“川油”系列甘蓝型油菜品种主要性状与产量的相关分析  

Correlation Analysis of Main Traits and Yield of Brassica napus‘Chuanyou’Varieties with Different Maturity Stages

作　　者：郑本川[1] 张锦芳[1] 蒋俊[1] 崔成[1] 柴靓[1] 黄友涛 周正鉴 李浩杰[1] 蒋梁材[1] ZHENG Benchuan;ZHANG Jinfang;JIANG Jun;CUI Cheng;CHAI Liang;HUANG Youtao;ZHOU Zhengjian;LI Haojie;JIANG Liangcai(Crop Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Chengdu 610066;Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology,Sichuan Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Chengdu 610066)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院作物研究所,成都610066 [2]四川省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,成都610066

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第7期7-17,共11页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家油菜现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“油菜抗病育种材料创新”(CARS-12);四川省“十四五”油料育种攻关“突破性油料育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育”(2021YFYZ0018)。

摘　　要：探讨在成都地区气候条件下不同熟期甘蓝型油菜产量的主要影响因素,以期为油菜抗性育种提供理论基础。采用相关分析、通径分析和主成分分析等方法,分析不同熟期甘蓝型油菜主要农艺性状、茎秆抗折力和菌核病发病率等与产量的关系。相关分析结果表明,早熟品种产量与单株有效角果数、每果粒数和茎秆中上部抗折力均呈显著或极显著正相关,中熟品种产量与株高、一次分枝高度、单株有效角果数、茎秆下部和茎秆中下部抗折力均呈极显著正相关。通径分析结果表明,早熟和中熟品种主要性状中,单株有效角果数对产量的直接作用最大。主要性状中,每果粒数对早熟品种产量的间接综合效应最大,中熟品种间接综合效应最大的是茎秆下部抗折力。主成分分析结果表明,早熟品种主要性状分为抗倒性状、株型性状、产量构成性状和抗病性状等4类性状。中熟品种为产量构成性状、株型性状和抗倒性性状等3类性状。研究表明,在四川省自然气候条件下,无论是早熟品种还是中熟品种选育,应在保证产量性状的同时,加强植株株型、抗倒性和抗病性的选择。The paper aims to analyze the main factors affecting the yield of Brassica napus with different maturity stages under climatic conditions in Chengdu,and provide a theoretical basis for resistance breeding of B.napus.Correlation analysis,path analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the relationship between the agronomic traits,the stem breaking resistance,the incidence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and the yield of B.napus.The yield of early-maturing rape varieties was significantly and positively correlated with the number of effective siliquae per plant,the number of seeds per siliquae,and the breaking resistance of the middle and upper part of the stem.The yield of mid-maturing rape varieties was significantly and positively correlated with the plant height,the first branch height,the number of effective siliquae per plant,the breaking resistance of the lower part of the stem,and the breaking resistance of the lower and middle part of the stem.The greatest direct path coefficient of yield was the number of effective siliquae per plant in both early-maturing rape varieties and mid-maturing rape varieties.The greatest indirect comprehensive effect on yield were the number of seeds per siliquae in early-maturing rape varieties and the breaking resistance of the lower part of the stem in mid-maturing rape varieties,respectively.The principal component analysis showed that the 15 agronomic traits were divided into four major categories in earlymaturing rape varieties and three major categories in mid-maturing rape varieties.For early-maturing rape varieties,they were lodging resistance traits,plant type traits,yield components traits and disease resistance traits.For mid-maturing rape varieties,they were yield components traits,plant type traits and lodging resistance traits.Under the natural climatic conditions of Sichuan Province,in the breeding of early-maturing and mid-maturing rape varieties,the selection of plant type,lodging resistance traits and disease resistance should be strengthened

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 茎秆抗折力 农艺性状 产量 相关分析 通径分析 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]