早产儿视网膜病的危险因素探讨  

Risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity

作　　者：王帮 刘秀香 赵国英[1] 万彬[1] 马金帅 WANG Bang;LIU Xiuxiang;ZHAO Guoying;WAN Bin;MA Jinshuai(NICU Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University,Binzhou 256603,China;NICU,Qingdao Women and children′s Hospital,Qingdao 266011,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院附属医院NICU,山东滨州256603 [2]青岛市妇女儿童医院NICU,山东青岛266011

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2022年第11期79-82,共4页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿视网膜病(ROP)发生的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2019年9月至2020年8月滨州医学院附属医院NICU收治的260例早产儿(胎龄≤32周或出生体重≤2000 g),记录早产儿的性别、胎龄、出生体重、吸氧时间等资料,二分类logistic回归分析ROP的独立危险因素,随访ROP的转归情况。结果260例早产儿中,根据眼底筛查结果分为非ROP组(240例),ROP组(20例),其中7例需抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)治疗,所有病例经随访好转,无失明病例发生。单因素分析结果显示,ROP组在出生体重、胎龄、吸氧时间、呼吸机时间、输血次数、动脉血二氧化碳分压及合并呼吸窘迫综合征、应用肺表面活性物质、感染、支气管肺发育不良、贫血方面,与非ROP组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);二分类logistic回归分析显示出生胎龄小(OR=0.879,β=-0.129)、低出生体重(OR=0.996,β=-0.004)是ROP发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论胎龄小、低出生体重是ROP发生的独立危险因素,抗VEGF药物治疗可取得良好效果。Objective To investigate the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).Methods A total of 260 cases of premature infants(gestational age≤32 weeks or birth weight≤2000 g)admitted to NICU Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College from September 2019 to August 2020 are retrospectively analyzed,The data of gender,gestational age,birth weight and oxygen inhalation time of premature infants are recorded.The independent risk factors of ROP are analyzed by binary logistic regression.The outcome of ROP is followed up.Results 260 premature infants are divided into non ROP group(240 cases)and ROP group(20 cases)according to the results of fundus screening,Seven of them are treated with anti vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),All cases were improved after follow-up,and no blindness occurred.Univariate analysis showed that there are significant differences between ROP group and non ROP group in birth weight,gestational age,oxygen inhalation time,ventilator time,blood transfusion times,arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure,respiratory distress syndrome,pulmonary surfactant application,infection,bronchopulmonary dysplasia and anemia(P<0.05),Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the gestational age at birth is small(OR=0.879,β=-0.129),low birth weight(OR=0.996,β=-0.004)is an independent risk factor for ROP(P<0.05).Conclusion Small gestational age and low birth weight are risk factors for ROP.Anti VEGF drugs can achieve good results.

关 键 词：早产儿 早产儿视网膜病 危险因素 转归 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]