结合食物手测量法对衢州农村糖尿病患者健康教育研究  

Evaluation of the intervention effect of health education combined with food manual measurement on diabetes patients in rural Quzhou

作　　者：王敏 甘志娟[2] 卢美[3] 徐春晓 来时明 姜宪尘[2] 王圣贤[2] WANG Min;GAN Zhijuan;LU Mei;XU Chunxiao;LAI Shiming;JIANG Xianchen;WANG Shengxian(Quzhou Blood Center,Quzhou,Zhejiang 324000,China;Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Quzhou,Zhejiang 324000,China;Kaihua Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kaihua,Zhejiang 324300,China;Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310057,China)

机构地区：[1]衢州市中心血站,浙江衢州324000 [2]衢州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江衢州324000 [3]开化县疾病预防控制中心,浙江开化324300 [4]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310057

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2022年第4期291-295,共5页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

基　　金：浙江省卫生健康委项目(2020KY513);衢州市科技计划项目(2016127)。

摘　　要：目的研究结合食物手测量法对农村糖尿病患者进行健康教育的成效。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,于2020年5月,在衢州市6个县(市、区)共抽取600名农村糖尿病患者,随机分为试验组和对照组各300名,试验组在常规健康教育基础上采用“食物手测量”方法进行健康指导,对照组采用常规的健康教育方法进行健康指导。干预12个月后,通过比较两组患者生活方式及生化指标,评价干预效果。结果干预前,两组患者吸烟率、饮酒率、嗜盐比例、嗜油比例、主动锻炼比例差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.027、0.133、0.009、2.525、0.782,P>0.05),BMI、SBP、DBP、FPG、TC和TG水平差异无统计学意义(t=0.967、1.141、0.966、1.340、1.602、0.123,P>0.05);干预后,试验组吸烟率(15.59%)、饮酒率(16.95%)、嗜盐比例(31.19%)均低于对照组(23.67%、24.33%、41.67%)(χ^(2)=6.137、4.946、7.051,P<0.05),而主动锻炼的比例(24.75%)高于对照组(16.33%)(χ^(2)=6.458,P<0.05),BMI、SBP、FPG、TC和TG均水平下降(t=5.448、6.675、7.764、6.974、5.322,P<0.05)。结论结合食物手测量法对农村糖尿病患者进行膳食指导,在提高糖尿病患者的饮食依从性、改善其血压、血糖、血脂等方面起到一定效果,值得在农村糖尿病患者管理中推广。Objective To study the effectiveness of health education combined with the food manual measurement method for rural diabetic patients.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used.In May 2020,a total of 600 rural diabetic patients selected from 6 counties(cities,districts)in Quzhou City were randomly assigned into test group(n=300)and control group(n=300).The test group,on the basis of conventional health education,received health guidance with teaching of“food manual measurement”,and the control group received conventional health education.After 12 months of intervention,the effects of the intervention were evaluated by comparing the lifestyles and biochemical indicators between the two groups.Results Before the intervention,the two groups of patients had no statistically significant differences in smoking rate,alcohol drinking rate,halophilia rate,oil addiction rate,and active exercise rate(χ^(2)=0.027,0.133,0.009,2.525,0.782,respectively;P>0.05).There were also no significant differences in the levels of BMI,SBP,DBP,FPG,TC and TG(t=0.967,1.141,0.966,1.340,1.602,0.123,respectively;P>0.05).After the intervention,the smoking rate,alcohol drinking rate and halophilia rate of the test group were lower than those of the control group(15.59%vs.23.67%,16.95%vs.24.33%,31.19%vs.41.67%)(χ^(2)=6.137,4.946,7.051,respectively;P<0.05),the rate of active exercise was higher than that of the control group(24.75%vs.16.33%,χ^(2)=6.458,P<0.05),and the levels of BMI,SBP,FPG,TC and TG decreased(t=5.448,6.675,7.764,6.974,5.322,respectively;P<0.05).Conclusions Dietary guidance in combination with the“food manual measurement”method for rural diabetic patients can boost their dietary compliance and improve blood pressure,blood sugar,and blood lipids,which is worthy of promotion in the management of rural diabetic patients.

关 键 词：食物手测量 糖尿病 健康教育 效果研究 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R587.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]