《反垄断法》修订背景下垄断协议定义的确定--兼谈欧盟竞争法之垄断协议合意内涵  

The Definition of Monopoly Agreement in the Background of Anti-monopoly Law Revision:Also on the Consensual Connotation of Monopoly Agreement in EU Competition Law

作　　者：何晴 HE Qing(School of Humanities,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876)

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学人文学院,北京100876

出　　处：《汕头大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第8期23-34,94,共13页Journal of Shantou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：对协议“合意”内涵的确定是确定垄断协议定义的重点与难点。与合意行为相对应的概念是单方行为,因此,要确定垄断协议合意内涵的宽窄就必须确定合意行为与单方行为的界限,而在垄断协议类型中,对纵向垄断协议的研究是区分合意行为与单方行为的关键。欧盟竞争法下,纵向垄断协议的合意内涵自2000年Bayer案到2003年Volkswagen案再到2009年GlaxoSmithKline案经历了由限缩到适当回调的过程,其中Bayer案的意义体现为两点:一是由传统的“持续商业关系”理论向“默示同意”理论转变;二是体现了合意的功能性,即倘若合意不成立,则协议不具违法性,故无须论证其是否具有限制竞争效果。因此本文从同时包含协议、决定与协同行为的垄断协议合意概念着手,并结合纵向垄断协议的内涵发展讨论合意内涵。在文末提出关于完善我国《反垄断法》垄断协议定义的建议。Understanding the connotation of“agreement”is the key and difficult point in defining monopoly agreement.The concept corresponding to consensual behavior is unilateral behavior.Therefore,to determine consensual connotation of monopoly agreement,we must clarify the boundary between consensual behavior and unilateral behavior,for which the research on vertical monopoly agreement is the key.Under the EU competition law,the consensual connotation of vertical monopoly agreement has experienced a process from limiting to appropriate correction,from Bayer case in 2000 to Volkswagen case in 2003 and GlaxoSmithKline case in 2009.The significance of Bayer case is reflected in two points:first is the transformation from the traditional theory of“continuous business relationship”to the theory of“implied consent”;second,it reflects the functionality of the agreement,that is,if the agreement is not established it is not illegal,so there is no need to demonstrate whether it has the effect of restricting competition.Therefore,this paper starts with the concept of consensus of monopoly agreement,which includes agreement,decision and cooperative behavior,and discusses the connotation of consensus combined with the connotative development of vertical monopoly agreement.It concludes with suggestions on perfecting the definition of monopoly agreement in China’s anti-monopoly law.

关 键 词：垄断协议 纵向垄断协议 默示同意 持续商业关系 单方行为 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]