杜鹃红山茶芽苗砧嫁接亲和性生理研究  

Physiological Study on Grafted Affinity of Camellia azalea with Different Species Bud Seedling Rootstocks

作　　者：李先民[1] 黄展文 卢家仕[1] 崔学强 苏群 李春牛[1] 卜朝阳[1] LI Xianmin;HUANG Zhanwen;LU Jiashi;CUI Xueqiang;SU Qun;LI Chunniu;BU Zhaoyang(Flowers Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院花卉研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2022年第5期978-985,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD18281004);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT132);广西农业科学院科技先锋队专项项目(桂农科JZ2020013)。

摘　　要：杜鹃红山茶(Camellia azalea)为山茶科山茶属常绿灌木或小乔木,是中国特有珍稀濒危物种,在园林与观赏园艺方面具有广阔的应用前景,兼具有极高的科研价值。国内外关于杜鹃红山茶嫁接繁殖的研究主要集中在木质化砧木嫁接方面,而芽苗砧嫁接技术及芽苗砧嫁接亲和性生理的研究鲜有报道。为了从生理层面揭示杜鹃红山茶接穗与不同油茶芽苗砧的亲和性差异,本研究以广西栽培面积广泛的高州油茶、广宁红花油茶、岑溪软枝油茶、普通油茶为芽苗砧,以杜鹃红山茶当年生半木质化枝条为接穗进行芽苗砧嫁接,于嫁接后90 d,考察不同芽苗砧处理对杜鹃红山茶接穗死亡率、嫁接苗叶片中初生代谢产物含量、抗氧化生理指标以及光合色素含量的影响。结果表明:(1)不同芽苗砧木对杜鹃红山茶接穗的死亡率有显著影响,采用高州油茶作为芽苗砧,杜鹃红山茶嫁接死亡率最低,为18.5%;(2)不同芽苗砧木对杜鹃红山茶接穗叶片中可溶性蛋白含量及淀粉含量有显著影响,采用高州油茶砧木,嫁接苗叶片中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及淀粉含量均处于最高水平;(3)不同芽苗砧木对杜鹃红山茶嫁接苗叶片中脯氨酸含量及过氧化物酶(POD)活性有显著影响,采用高州油茶作为芽苗砧,嫁接苗叶片中脯氨酸和丙二醛(MDA)含量最低,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和POD活性最高;(4)不同芽苗砧木对杜鹃红山茶嫁接苗叶片中总叶绿素、叶绿素a及叶绿素b含量有显著影响,采用高州油茶作为芽苗砧的杜鹃红山茶嫁接苗叶片中总叶绿素、叶绿素a及叶绿素b含量均最高。研究认为,杜鹃红山茶接穗与高州油茶芽苗砧具有较好的亲和性,其嫁接苗抗性优于其他芽苗砧处理,叶片生长状况较好,具有较强的光合能力。Camellia azalea is an evergreen shrub or small tree of Camellia in Theaceae.It is a rare and endangered species,which can only be found in China.It has broad application prospects in gardens and ornamental horticulture,and has extremely high scientific research value.The research on the grafting and propagation of C.azalea at home and abroad mainly focuses on the grafting of lignified rootstocks,while there are few reports on the nurse seed grafting technology and the physiology of the affinity of bud seedling with rootstock.In order to reveal the affinity difference between C.azalea scion and different species of oil-tea camellia bud seedling rootstocks from the physiological level,bud seedling rootstocks(from C.gauchowensis,C.semiserrata,C.oleifera‘cenxiruanzhi’,C.oleifera),large area cultivated in Guangxi,and scions(from C.azalea Semi-lignified branches)were grafted.After 90 days grafting,the effects of different species bud seedling rootstocks treatments on graft mortality,primary metabolites content,antioxidant physiological indexes and photosynthetic pigment content of C.azalea current year semi lignified branches scion were studied.Different species of bud seedling rootstocks had significant effects on the mortality of C.azalea.When C.gauchowensis was used as bud seedling rootstock,the grafting mortality rate(18.5%)was the lowest.Different bud seedling rootstocks had significant effects on the contents of soluble protein and starch in the scion leaves of C.azalea.When C.gauchowensis rootstock was used,the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein and starch in the grafted seeding leaves was at the highest level.Different bud seedling rootstocks had significant effects on proline content and POD activity in the leaves of C.azalea grafted seedlings.Using C.gauchowensis as bud seedling rootstock,the content of proline and MDA in the leaves of grafted seedlings was the lowest,and the activity of SOD and POD was the highest.Different bud seedling rootstocks had significant effects on the content of total chl

关 键 词：杜鹃红山茶 芽苗砧嫁接 亲和性生理 嫁接死亡率 

分 类 号：S685.14[农业科学—观赏园艺]