未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟在生育力保护中的应用进展  

Application progress of in vitro maturation of immature oocytes for fertility preservation

作　　者：程姣姣 阮祥燕[1] 杜娟[1] 谷牧青[1] Cheng Jiaojiao;Ruan Xiangyan;Du Juan;Gu Muqing(Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院/北京妇幼保健院内分泌科,北京100026

出　　处：《首都医科大学学报》2022年第3期329-335,共7页Journal of Capital Medical University

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(7202047);首都卫生发展科研专项(2020-2-2112);北京市医院管理局“登峰”计划专项(DFL20181401)。

摘　　要：卵巢组织冻存与移植技术已常规用于早发性卵巢功能不全风险高的女童和年轻女性患者进行生育力保护,冻存的卵巢皮质复苏后自体移植可恢复生育力和内分泌功能,但卵巢转移风险高的患者卵巢组织移植再引入恶性细胞的风险高。冷冻的卵巢皮质中主要含有原始卵泡,但也可以在卵巢组织处理过程中从小窦卵泡中获取未成熟卵母细胞,已有活产通过卵巢组织卵母细胞体外成熟(in vitro matured ovarian tissue oocytes,OTO-IVM)技术诞生,双相体外成熟(in vitro maturation,IVM)即获能(capacitation,CAPA)-IVM系统显著优化了卵母细胞IVM系统。在移植风险高的情况下,通过从生长卵泡中获取卵母细胞进行IVM,可以安全地恢复生育力,这将最大限度地发挥所有生育力保护患者的潜力。但OTO-IVM的证据仍有限,需证实其重复性,随访OTO-IVM儿童。本文主要综述人未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟在生育力保护中的应用进展。Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation has been routinely used for fertility preservation in girls and young female patients with high risk of premature ovarian insufficiency.Autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian cortex after thawed can restore fertility and endocrine function.However,patients with high risk of ovarian metastasis have a higher risk of reintroducing malignant cells.The frozen ovarian cortex mainly contains primordial follicles,but immature oocytes can also be obtained from small antral follicles during ovarian tissue preparation.Some live births have been born through in vitro matured of ovarian tissue oocytes(OTO-IVM).Biphasic in vitro maturation(IVM)capacitation(CAPA)-IVM system significantly optimizes the IVM system.In the case of high risk of transplantation,IVM of oocytes from growing follicles can safely restore fertility,which will maximize the potential of all fertility preservation patients.However,the evidence of OTO-IVM is still limited and its repeatability needs to be confirmed.Children with OTO-IVM are followed up.This article mainly reviews the application progress of in vitro maturation of human immature oocytes for fertility preservation.

关 键 词：未成熟卵母细胞 体外成熟 生育力保护 卵巢组织冻存 

分 类 号：R711.75[医药卫生—妇产科学]