2种植物生长延缓剂对向日葵穴盘苗素质的影响  

Effects of Two Plant Growth Retardants on Plug Seedling Quality of Sunflower

作　　者：纪洪亭 赵韩伟 王勇[1] 曾燕楠[1] 程润东 王庆南[1] 赵荷娟 JI Hongting;ZHAO Hanwei;WANG Yong;ZENG Yannan;CHENG Rundong;WANG Qingnan;ZHAO Hejuan(Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Hilly Area,Nanjing 210046)

机构地区：[1]江苏丘陵地区南京农业科学研究所,南京210046

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第8期1-8,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目“江苏省特粮特经产业技术江宁推广示范基地”(JATS[2021]015)。

摘　　要：旨在研究多效唑和烯效唑叶面喷施对夏季高温高湿条件下向日葵穴盘苗素质的影响,筛选其适宜喷施浓度。以向日葵穴盘苗为研究对象,试验设置2种生长延缓剂(多效唑和烯效唑)6个喷施浓度(0、200、400、600、800、1000 mg/L)。结果表明,多效唑和烯效唑叶面喷施降低向日葵穴盘苗株高(PH)和叶面积(LA),而增加茎粗(SD)株高比(SD/PH)、叶片相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)及根系干重。多效唑和烯效唑处理下叶片SPAD的增加在一定程度上缓解了生长延缓剂对LA的抑制作用;LA×SPAD可综合反映地上部干重(SDW)和植株干重(PDW)的变化。综合SD、PH、LA和SPAD建立了衡量多效唑和烯效唑处理下向日葵穴盘苗素质的壮苗指数I_(2)=SDPH×√LA×SPAD,该壮苗指数与常规壮苗指数呈显著相关性(R;=0.9097;)。对壮苗指数的分析表明,在本试验条件下多效唑和烯效唑适宜喷施浓度分别为400 mg/L和600 mg/L。本研究明确了夏季高温高湿条件下多效唑和烯效唑对向日葵穴盘苗素质的影响,筛选出适宜的喷施浓度,为夏季向日葵穴盘育苗中多效唑和烯效唑合理施用提供理论依据。This study aims to investigate the effects of two plant growth retardants on plug seedling quality of sunflower under high temperature and high humidly condition in summer,and to select their suitable spraying concentrations.The experiment was conducted including two plant growth retardants(paclobutrazol and uniconazole)and five spraying concentrations(0、200、400、600、800、1000 mg/L).The results showed that the foliar spraying of paclobutrazol and uniconazole significantly reduced the plant height(PH)and leaf area(LA),increased the ratio of stem diameter(SD)to PH(SD/PH)and enhanced the leaf SPAD and root dry weight.The enhanced leaf SPAD under the two growth retardants’treatments alleviated the inhibition on LA.In addition,LA×SPAD could comprehensively reflect the changes of shoot dry weight(SDW)and plant dry weight(PDW).Based on the SD,PH,LA and SPAD,a strong seedling index I_(2)=SDPH×√LA×SPAD of sunflower plug seedlings under the two growth retardants’treatments was established.The established strong seedling index had a significant correlation with the conventional strong seedling index(R;=0.9097;).The analysis of strong seedling index showed that the suitable spraying concentration of paclobutrazol and uniconazole was 400 mg/L and 600 mg/L,respectively.In conclusion,this study clarifies the effects of paclobutrazol and uniconazole on plug seedling quality under high temperature and high humidity in summer,and selects their suitable spraying concentrations.Our results could provide a theoretical basis for rational application of paclobutrazol and uniconazole in sunflower plug seeding in summer.

关 键 词：生长延缓剂 向日葵 穴盘育苗 幼苗素质 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]