盐胁迫对苜蓿生理性状和生长性状的影响  

Effects of Salt Stress on Physiological and Growth Traits of Alfalfa

作　　者：刘青松 贾艳丽 肖宇[1] 郭志顶 纪明妹 赵忠祥[1] 黄素芳[1] 岳明强[1] 刘震[1] 阎旭东[1] 徐玉鹏[1] LIU Qingsong;JIA Yanli;XIAO Yu;GUO Zhiding;JI Mingmei;ZHAO Zhongxiang;HUANG Sufang;YUE Mingqiang;LIU Zhen;YAN Xudong;XU Yupeng(Cangzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Cangzhou,Hebei 061001)

机构地区：[1]沧州市农林科学院,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第8期96-101,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：“河北省主要优质饲草水肥耦合增产安全生产关键技术研究”(19226437D);“河北省现代农业产业技术体系草业创新团队栽培与信息化管理技术岗位牧草栽培技术研究”(HBCT2018160202);“苜蓿种质资源评价与创新研究”(192201002);“抗旱、耐盐、优质、丰产型苜蓿品种选育”(2001026)。

摘　　要：为改良利用河北东部盐碱土壤,试验选用河北沧州东部黄骅地区的重度盐碱土壤与砂壤土按一定比例混合,探究耐盐型和敏盐型2种苜蓿在盐胁迫下的生长性状和生理特性表现。结果表明:不同比例的盐碱土会对苜蓿的生长产生抑制作用,耐盐型苜蓿‘中苜3号’在盐碱土:砂壤土不超过1:2的条件下,株高、地上生物量、主枝侧枝数、地下生物量和根系长度无显著影响,且盐碱土:砂壤土低于1:2时,盐胁迫对‘中苜3号’生长具有促进作用,但当盐碱土:砂壤土超过1:2时,盐胁迫对‘中苜3号’的生长产生显著的抑制效果。而敏盐型‘WL440HQ’则表现为随着盐碱土比例的增加,株高、地上生物量、地下生物量、主枝侧枝数和根系长均显著下降。盐胁迫会使苜蓿叶片内脯氨酸和丙二醛含量增加,‘中苜3号’在YJ-2(盐碱土:砂壤土=1:2)处理下脯氨酸和丙二醛在苗期-初花期的增加量最大,说明‘中苜3号’在盐碱土:砂壤土=1:2时适应性最强。在河北沧州东部重度盐碱地,在选用耐盐苜蓿品种‘中苜3号’时,可以通过盐碱土:砂壤土=1:2的混合比例,既不影响苜蓿正常的生长,还可改良利用该地区盐碱土壤。To improve the saline-alkali soil in eastern Hebei,we selected the heavy saline-alkali soil and sandy loam soil in Huanghua of eastern Cangzhou in Hebei Province to mix in different proportions,and explored the growth and physiological characteristics of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive alfalfa under salt stress.The results showed that different proportions of saline-alkali soil could inhibit the growth of alfalfa.When saline-alkali soil:sandy loam soil was no more than 1:2,the plant height,aboveground biomass,the number of main branches and lateral branches,underground biomass and root length of‘Zhongmu 3’had no significant difference:when the proportion was less than 1:2,salt stress could promote the growth of‘Zhongmu3’:but when saline-alkali soil:sandy loam soil exceeded 1:2,salt stress had a significant inhibition effect on the growth of‘Zhongmu No.3’.The salt-sensitive variety‘WL440HQ’showed that with the proportion of saline-alkali soil increased,the plant height,above-ground biomass,underground biomass,number of main branches and lateral branches and root length decreased significantly.Salt stress increased the content of proline and malondialdehyde in the leaves of alfalfa.The proline and malondialdehyde content of‘Zhongmu 3’increased in the seedling stage to early flowering stage under the treatment of YJ-2(saline-alkali soil:sandy loam soil=1:2),indicating that the variety had the strongest adaptability in saline-alkali soil:sandy loam soil=1:2.In the heavy saline-alkali land in eastern Cangzhou,the mixing ratio of saline-alkali soil:sandy loam soil=1:2 will not affect the normal growth of salt-tolerant alfalfa variety‘Zhongmu 3’,and can improve the use of local saline-alkali soil.

关 键 词：盐胁迫 苜蓿 生理性状 生长性状 影响 

分 类 号：S551.7[农业科学—作物学]