一种基于多旋翼无人机的气象数据采集系统设计  

Design of a Meteorological Data Acquisition System Based on Multi-Rotor UAVs

作　　者：方磊 张彪 陈冲 FANG Lei;ZHANG Biao;CHEN Chong(School of Electronics and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing Jiangsu 210044,China;School of Electronic Science and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院,江苏南京210044 [2]南京大学电子科学与工程学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《电子器件》2022年第1期215-221,共7页Chinese Journal of Electron Devices

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1405700);江苏省高等学校自然科学重大项目(18KJA170002)。

摘　　要：为了提高多旋翼无人机在气象数据采集方面的便捷性和高效性,设计了一种基于多旋翼无人机的气象数据采集系统。该系统主要包括数据采集和数据处理两个部分,其中数据采集部分是由无人机平台和下投式探空仪组成;数据处理部分是采用LabVIEW软件进行图形化编程来实现气象数据的接收、显示和存储。并在此基础上,通过LabVIEW与MATLAB混合编程实现了一维卡尔曼滤波图形和三维运动轨迹图形显示。结果表明,该系统能够完成待测区域内的温度、湿度、气压、风速和风向廓线的观测和采集任务,实时监控下投式探空仪运动状态和滤波前后气象数据变化。通过波形对比,滤波后的数据能够有效避免采集数据的波动,避免失真影响,提高准确度。In order to improve the convenience and efficiency of multi-rotor URV(unmanned aerial vehicle)in meteorological data collection, a weather data collection system based on multi-rotor UAVs was designed. The system mainly includes two parts: data acquisition and data processing. The data acquisition part is composed of UAVs platform and a drop-down radiosonde and the data processing part uses the LabVIEW software for graphical programming to achieve reception, display and storage of meteorological data. And on this basis, one-dimensional Kalman filter graphics and three-dimensional motion trajectory graphics display were realized through LabVIEW and MATLAB mixed programming. The results show that the system can accomplish the observation and acquisition tasks of temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and wind direction profile in the area to be measured, monitor the motion state of the drop radiosonde and the changes of meteorological data before and after filtering in real time. Through waveform comparison, the filtered data can effectively avoid the fluctuation of the collected data, and the influence of distortion, and improve the accuracy.

关 键 词：多旋翼无人机 气象数据采集 下投式探空仪 LABVIEW MATLAB 一维卡尔曼滤波 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]