组胺能神经系统与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停  

Advances in neuroregulation of the histaminergic nervous system in obstructive sleep apnea

作　　者：谢梁 刘子龙[1] 李善群[1] Xie Liang;Liu Zilong;Li Shanqun(Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 20032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院呼吸与危重症医学科,上海200032

出　　处：《国际呼吸杂志》2022年第9期665-671,共7页International Journal of Respiration

基　　金：上海市科委行业技术标准项目(20DZ2202300)。

摘　　要：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是以上气道塌陷及微觉醒为重要特征的疾病,颏舌肌为主的上呼吸道肌群紧张性调控下降导致了上气道塌陷,患者夜间的睡眠结构紊乱引起白天嗜睡,进一步增加了注意力不集中、记忆和执行能力减退等认知功能障碍,同时增加了抑郁症的患病风险。脑内组胺是重要的促觉醒神经递质,组胺能神经元可以通过兴奋组胺H1受体激活舌下运动神经元,提高颏舌肌肌张力,同时组胺对认知功能和抑郁有重要的调控作用。但目前组胺与OSA相关的研究较少,将组胺能神经系统作为OSA发病机制和治疗手段的研究靶点,有重要的临床意义。Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is manifested by upper airway collapse and micro-arousal.Impairment of the tone regulation of upper airway muscles,mainly the genioglossus muscle,leads to upper airway collapse.The sleep structure disorder of OSA patients at night results sleepiness in daytime,which causes inattention,memory loss and impaired executive functioning,and increases the risk of depression.Histamine in the brain is an important wake-promoting neurotransmitter.Histaminergic neurons can activate hypoglossal motor neurons via histamine H1 receptors and increase genioglossus muscle tone.However,there are few related studies of histamine and OSA.It is great clinical importance that histaminergic nervous system is as a research target for the pathogenesis and treatment of OSA.

关 键 词：睡眠呼吸暂停 阻塞性 组胺能神经系统 微觉醒 认知功能 

分 类 号：R766[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]