李石曾“工学互动”理论及其实践评价  

LiShizeng's Theory of "Interaction between Work and Learning" and Its Practical Evaluation

作　　者：魏世友 赵学华 Wei Shiyou;Zhao Xuehua

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学马克思主义学院 [2]青海师范大学马克思主义学院 [3]青海师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《中国经济史评论》2022年第1期110-123,共14页China Economic History Review

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“一战旅法华工与五四运动互动研究”(批准号:18BSS032)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清末民初,由于留学欧洲费用较高,中国旅欧留学人士不同程度地遭遇了经济问题。在解决经济困难的过程中,李石曾创造性地提出了“工学互动”理论,即通过做工的方式为求学提供经济保障。民国初年,留法勤工俭学会成立后,“工学互动”理论在实践中取得了一定的成果,但后来因国内外环境的变化出现了诸多问题。出人意料的是,“工学互动”理论在实践过程中使蔡元培、李石曾等有志之士认识到改造中国的途径,为后来留法勤工俭学运动大规模开展奠定了基础。更为重要的是,“工学互动”理论颠覆了中国传统阶级互动关系,对中国近代历史变迁产生了重要影响。At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic of China,due to the high cost of studying in Europe,Chinese students studying in Europe encountered economic problems to varying degrees.In the process of solving economic difficulties,Li Shizeng creatively put forward the theory of“engineering-academic interaction”:that is,to provide economic security for studying through workmanship.In the early years of the Republic of China,after the establishment of the Work-study Association in France,the theory of “engineering-university interaction”achieved certain results in practice,but later many problems arose due to changes in the domestic and foreign environment.Surprisingly,in the process of practice,the theory of “engineering-academic interaction”made Cai Yuanpei,Li Shizeng and other people with lofty i-deals realize the way to transform China,laying the foundation for the large-scale development of the work-study movement in France.More importantly,the theory of“engineering-academic interaction”subverted the traditional Class Interaction Relationship in China and exerted an important influence on the changes in China’s modern history.

关 键 词：李石曾 “工学互动”理论 留法勤工俭学会 蔡元培 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]