508名男性电焊工人肺功能水平及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of lung function level and its influencing factors in 508 male welders

作　　者：何嘉玉 吕向裴[1] 齐放[1] 于维松 余晨[1] 陈艳霞[2] 王焕强[1] HE Jia-yu;LU Xiang-pei;QI Fang;YU Wei-song;YU Chen;CHEN Yan-xia;WANG Huan-qiang(National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050 [2]青岛大学附属青岛市中心医院

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2022年第2期119-123,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：国家公益性行业科研专项(编号:201402021)。

摘　　要：目的 了解现阶段我国电焊工人肺功能状况,为完善电焊工人职业健康监护指标提供参考。方法 2015年分别在北方某集装箱厂和南方某造船厂对508名男性电焊工人进行职业健康体检和健康问卷调查,采用Logistics回归分析电焊工肺通气功能的影响因素。结果 检出56名(11.0%)电焊工出现通气功能障碍,两家企业电焊工肺通气功能障碍的分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),集装箱厂电焊工以限制性通气功能障碍为主(10/22,45.5%),造船厂电焊工以阻塞性通气功能障碍(25/34,73.5%)为主。吸烟为肺通气功能障碍的危险因素(OR=11.17,95%CI 1.40~89.37),每周饮茶则可能为保护因素(OR=0.23,95%CI 0.05~1.03)。结论 阻塞性通气功能障碍在电焊工中较为常见,吸烟为肺通气功能障碍的危险因素。建议电焊企业应加强作业现场通风设施和电焊工个人呼吸防护,积极开展戒烟宣传,加强流动电焊工人职业健康检查。Objective To investigate the lung function status and to provide references for promoting occupational health monitoring among Chinese welders.Methods In 2015,we included 508 male welders from a container factory in north China and a shipyard in south China into our study.All participants answered the occupational health survey and had occupational health examinations.Logistic regression analyses were used in analyzing influencing factors of lung function among welders.Results We found that 56 welders(11.0%) had pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.There were statistical differences in types of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction between different factories(P<0.05).Restricted ventilation dysfunction was the main type of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the container factory(10/22,45.5%),while obstructive ventilation dysfunction was the main type in the shipyard(25/34,73.5%).Smoking is a risk factor for pulmonary ventilation dysfunction(OR=11.17,95%CI 1.40~89.37),while weekly tea consumption might be a protective factor(OR=0.23,95%CI 0.05~1.03).Conclusion The obstructive ventilation dysfunction was more commonly seen among welders.Smoking was the risk factor for pulmonary ventilation dysfunction among welders.We suggested that welding factories should strengthen the ventilation of the operation site and improve their personal respiratory protection method.Meanwhile, they should also encourage welders to give up smoking and provide occupational health examinations for migrant welders.

关 键 词：肺功能 电焊工 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]