绿色推进研究进展与挑战  

Research on the progress and challenges in green propulsion technology

作　　者：郑日恒 刘方彬 姚兆普[2] 王鹏 陈操斌 潘率诚 Zheng Riheng;Liu Fangbin;Yao Zhaopu;Wang Peng;Chen Caobin;Pan Shuaicheng(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100190,China;AECC Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment,Chengdu 610500,China;Beijing Power Machinery Institute,Beijing 100074,China;Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京100191 [2]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190 [3]中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院,成都610500 [4]北京动力机械研究所,北京100074 [5]西华大学,成都610039

出　　处：《空天技术》2022年第2期1-26,共26页Aerospace Technology

摘　　要：近年来,随着环保、低碳的要求越来越严格,绿色推进技术逐渐成为航空航天领域内的研究热点。梳理了航空电推进、低排放航空发动机、绿色吸气式高超声速推进、空间液体燃料推进等空天技术领域的研究进展和技术挑战,旨在为空天领域绿色推进技术的发展提供参考。首先,比较了航空电推进技术中的纯电推进技术、涡轮电推进技术和混合电推进技术这三种技术的研究现状,并提出了相应的研究热点问题。其次,总结了低排放航空发动机技术的贫油多级燃烧技术、富燃-淬熄-贫燃燃烧技术和其它新型燃烧技术等多种燃烧技术的研究现状和存在的技术挑战。然后,分析了绿色吸气式高超声速推进中当量比、燃料类型、燃烧室结构、发动机性能等因素对氮氧化物(NOx)排放的影响,并指出还存在着NOx排放的数值预测、NOx排放控制与发动机性能之间的关系等困难。最后,在对比分析不同绿色液体空间推进技术的基础上,总结分析了绿色单组元推进是目前技术成熟度最高的原因。而绿色双组元推进技术的技术路线,包括离子液体燃料空间推进技术和高含能密度烃类燃料空间推进技术,虽然具有较好的发展前景,但目前均仍处于初步研究阶段。此外,分析了电-化学双模式推进技术的挑战问题,这种绿色空间推进技术未来有希望获得重要应用。In the recent years, with more and more increasingly strict requirement of environmental protection and low-carbon, green propulsion technology has gradually become a researchful hot-spot in the field of aerospace. The current status and technological challenges of aviation electric propulsion, low emission aeroengine, green air-breathing hypersonic propulsion and green liquid fuel propulsion are reviewed so as to provide reference for the development of green propulsion technology in the field of aerospace. Firstly, for aviation electric propulsion technology, the comparison among the pure electric propulsion, turbo electric propulsion and hybrid electric propulsion are made for their current status and their hot-spot research topics.Secondly, for low emission aero-engine, different combustion technologies including Fuel-lean Combustors,Rich-Burn Quick-quench Lean-burn Combustors(RQL) and other new emerging technologies have been summarized for their current status and technological challenging issues. Then, for the Air-Breathing Hypersonic Propulsion, the effects of equivalence ration, fuel type and combustor structure as well as engine performance on NOxemission are analyzed and it is pointed that there still exist difficulties in numerically predicting the NOxemission and understanding the relation between NOxemission control and engine performance. Finally, based on the comparative analysis of different green liquid space propulsion technologies, it can be seen that the Green Liquid Monopropellants is the most mature technology among different green liquid propellant in-space propulsion technologies at present. Meanwhile, there are two technological routes for the Green Liquid Biopropellant in-space propulsion, which are Ionic Liquid Propellants and High Energy-Density Hydrocarbon Propellants respectively. Both of them have good application prospects. However, they are still in the preliminary development stage. In addition, the technological challenging topics for Electrochemistry Dual-Mode Green in-space p

关 键 词：绿色推进 航空电推进 低排放航空推进 吸气式高超声速推进 空间推进 航空发动机 

分 类 号：V31[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]