基于政策演进分析的二战以来法、德、日乡村发展模式与经验研究  

Rural Development Model and Experience in France,Germany,and Japan Since World WarⅡBased on Policy Evolution Analysis

作　　者：佘丽敏[1] 潘铭 SHE Limin;PAN Ming

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学建筑城规学院

出　　处：《小城镇建设》2022年第5期102-108,共7页DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES & TOWNS

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“村镇社区分类识别评价与空间优化技术”(编号:2019YFD1100801)。

摘　　要：二战以来,发达国家乡村发展理念普遍由生产主义转向后生产主义,其主导功能相应地由农业生产转向地域多功能。全球化、工业化和城镇化背景下,我国乡村发展目前呈现出赶超式与跨越式的趋势,分析发达国家乡村发展政策演进有助于我国在乡村振兴中预判危机、规避风险。鉴于法、德、日三个发达国家在农业基础与政府职能等方面与中国存在一定的相似性,本文首先梳理二战后法、德、日颁布的乡村发展政策与措施,在此基础上,按照政策、措施的演进,以及发展导向将其乡村发展历程划分为产业驱动阶段与多功能主导阶段,并总结其发展模式与经验。最后,结合我国乡村发展实际及现状问题,从制度建设、公共产品供给、乡村主体培育、产业转换与升级及乡土文化传承五个方面为我国乡村振兴提出建议。Since World WarⅡ,the concept of rural development in developed countries has generally changed from productionism to post-productionism,and its dominant function has correspondingly shifted from agricultural production to regional multifunction.Under the background of globalization,industrialization and urbanization,China’s rural development is currently showing a trend of catch-up and leapfrog.Analyzing the evolution of rural development policies in developed countries is helpful for China to anticipate crises and avoid risks in rural revitalization.As the three developed countries of France,Germany,and Japan have certain similarities with China in terms of agriculture and the functions of the government,this paper combed the France,Germany,and Japan after World WarⅡof rural development policies and measures.And on this basis,according to the evolution and development orientation of policies and measures,this paper divides their rural development process into industry-driven stage,multi-functional leading stage,and summarizes their development experience.Finally,based on the actual situation and problems of rural development in China,this paper puts forward five suggestions for rural revitalization in China:system construction,public goods supply,rural subjectivity cultivation,industrial transformation and upgrading,and local culture inheritance.

关 键 词：乡村发展 政策演进 发展阶段 发达国家 法国 德国 日本 

分 类 号：F320.3[经济管理—产业经济]