壳聚糖对葡萄果实品质的影响  

Effect of Chitosan on Fruit Quality of Grape

作　　者：王琰 胡容平[1] 陈庆东[1] 李红春 陈松[1] 夏丹 廖明安[2] 范中菡 WANG Yan;HU Rong-ping;CHENG Qing-dong;LI Hong-chun;CHEN Song;XIA Dan;LIAO Ming-an;FAN Zhong-han;无(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy cf Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of In tegrated Pest Managemen t in Southwest Agriculture Crops of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610066,PRC;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,PRC;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Pengshan District in Meishan,Meishan 620860,PRC)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,成都610066 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,成都611130 [3]眉山市彭山区农业农村局,四川眉山620860

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2022年第4期57-60,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业体系四川水果创新团队项目(sccxtd-2021-04);四川省农业科学院中试熟化项目(2021ZSSFXC56)。

摘　　要：为探究壳聚糖对葡萄果实品质的影响,以葡萄为材料,对4 a生结果树喷施浓度为0(CK,去离子水)、1、2、4、6 g/L的壳聚糖溶液,进行不同深度的对比试验。结果表明:与CK相比,喷施不同浓度的壳聚糖溶液均不同程度地增加了葡萄果实的单果重和纵横径,当壳聚糖浓度为4 g/L时单果重和纵横径达最大值,较CK分别显著增加9.76%、11.82%和8.74%。果实硬度在喷施壳聚糖后均有所增加,喷施1、2 g/L壳聚糖时均较对照显著增加15.38%。可滴定酸含量在壳聚糖浓度为4 g/L时达最低值。4 g/L壳聚糖处理显著增加了果实的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量和糖酸比,其他浓度处理的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量与CK无显著差异,糖酸比显著低于CK。此外,在果实矿质养分吸收方面,4 g/L壳聚糖处理显著增加了果实的氮、钙含量,1、2、4 g/L壳聚糖处理增加了果实的磷钾含量,1、2、4、6 g/L壳聚糖处理均促进了葡萄果实对镁和锰元素的吸收。综合分析结果表明,以4 g/L壳聚糖处理的葡萄果实糖酸比最高,口感风味佳,能够显著提高葡萄的果实品质。This experiment has sprayed 4-year-old fruting trees of grape with concentrations of 0(CK,deionized water),1,2,4 and 6 g/L of chitosan solutions to explore the effect of chitosan on grape fruit quality.The results showed that compared with CK,spraying different concentrations of chitosan solution increased the single fruit weight and vertical and horizontal diameters of grape berries to varying degrees;when the concentration of chitosan was 4 g/L,the single fruit weight and vertical and horizontal diameters reached the maximum,which was significantly increased by 9.76%,11.82%and 8.74%,respectively.The grape berries hardness increased after spraying chitosan;when the chitosan concentration was 1 and 2 g/L,the grape berries hardness each was significantly increased by 15.38%compared with CK.In the treatment of 4g/L chitosan solution,the content of titratable acid was reduced to the minimum level,while the contents of soluable solids and soluable sugars,and the sugar-acid ratio significantly increased;in contrast,the contents of soluable solids and soluable sugars had no significant difference in the rest treatments,but the sugar-acid ratio was significantly lower than CK.In the absorption of mineral nutrients in grape berries,4 g/L chitosan treatment significantly increased nitrogen and calcium contents of the berries;1,2 and 4 g/L chitosan treatments increased the phosphorus and potassium contents of the berries;1,2,4 and 6 g/L chitosan treatments promoted the absorption of magnesium and manganese by the berries.The comprehensive analysis has found the grape berries treated with 4 g/L chitosan has the highest sugar-acid ratio,good taste and flavor,with significantly improved fruit quality.

关 键 词：葡萄 壳聚糖 果实 品质 养分 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]