芝麻对茎点枯病及枯萎病抗性的研究进展  

Research Progress on Sesame Resistance to Stem Spot Blight and Fusarium Wilt

作　　者：王素华 张璐 杨学乐 何录秋[1] WANG Su-hua;ZHANG Lu;YANG Xue-le;HE Lu-qiu(Crop Research Institute of Hunan Province,Changsha 410125,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南省作物研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2022年第4期92-95,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省旱粮产业技术体系专项基金(湘农发[2019]105号);长沙市自然科学基金(kq2202341)。

摘　　要：芝麻是含油率高(55%)的作物,但其生产效益不高,种植期间常遭到茎点枯病和枯萎病的威胁。因此,开展芝麻抗病性育种具有重要意义。从芝麻抗病性鉴定、芝麻抗病相关蛋白、抗病基因的挖掘3个方面阐述了芝麻对茎点枯病、枯萎病抗病性的研究进展。提出挖掘广谱抗源、提高分子标记辅助选择、基因编辑、体细胞融合、重离子诱变等技术是我国芝麻抗病育种进一步研究的方向。Sesame is a crop with high oil content(55%).However,the planting profit of sesame is not high due to stem spot blight and fusarium wilt disease infection during growth period.Thus,it is of important significance to carry out the resistance breeding of sesame varieties.This paper has reviewed the research progress of sesame resistance to stem spot blight and fusarium wilt disease from three parts:sesame resistance identification,sesame resistance related proteins,mining of sesame resistance genes.Developing broad-spectrum resistance sources,improving molecular marker-assisted selection,gene editing,somatic cell fusion,heavy ion mutagenesis and other biotechnologies will be the further research directions of sesame resistance breeding in China.

关 键 词：芝麻茎点枯病 芝麻枯萎病 抗病性鉴定 抗病蛋白 抗病基因 综述 

分 类 号：S565.303.42[农业科学—作物学]