岩溶石漠化地区不同利用方式对土壤肥力和重金属质量分数的影响  

Effects of different land use modes on soil fertility and heavy metal contents in karst rocky desertification area

作　　者：邵晗 王虎 王妍[1,2] 徐红枫 苏倩 刘云根[1,2] SHAO Han;WANG Hu;WANG Yan;XU Hongfeng;SU Qian;LIU Yungen(College of Ecology and Environment,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Mountainous and Rural Areas of Yunnan Province,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学云南省山地农村生态环境演变与污染治理重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2022年第3期635-643,共9页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31760245);云南省基础研究专项(202001AT070115)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨不同土地利用方式下土壤肥力和重金属污染的特征及土壤养分与土壤重金属之间的关系。【方法】以云南省西畴县三光石漠化综合治理示范区的撂荒地、灌草地、人工林地、自然林地、玉米Zea mays地、核桃Juglans regia林地和猕猴桃Actinidia chinensis地为研究对象,测定土壤养分和重金属质量分数并进行相关性分析。【结果】自然恢复方式下土壤有机质、全氮、全磷质量分数显著高于其他土地利用方式(P<0.05),灌草地土壤[土壤肥力综合指数(IFI)为0.915]和撂荒地土壤(IFI=0.913)较为肥沃,猕猴桃地土壤(IFI=0.485)和核桃林地土壤(IFI=0.501)较为贫瘠;不同土地利用方式下,灌草地重金属污染风险最低[生态风险指数(IR)为66.91],猕猴桃地重金属污染风险最高(IR=169.16)。相关性分析发现:土壤养分质量分数对重金属质量分数的影响因土地利用方式的不同而不同,且在灌草地、人工林地和自然林地中较为显著(P<0.05),在撂荒地和作物种植地中并不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】自然属性较强的地区土壤肥力水平高,且重金属污染风险低,说明人为干扰是影响石漠化地区进行植被恢复的重要因素。为了能够更好地提高土壤质量,应适当减少人为活动的干扰。[Objective]This study aims to explore the characteristics of soil fertility and heavy metal pollution under different land use modes and the relationship between soil nutrients and heavy metals.[Method]Abandoned land,shrub land,artificial forest land,natural woodland,Zea mays field,Juglans regia woodland,and Actinidia chinensis land in Sanguang Rocky Desertification Comprehensive Control Demonstration Area in Xichou County of Yunnan Province were taken as the research objects,and the mass fractions of soil nutrients and heavy metals were measured and analyzed.[Result]The mass fractions of soil organic matter,total nitrogen and total phosphorus under natural restoration mode were significantly higher than those under other land use modes(P<0.05).The soil of shrub land(IFI=0.915)and abandoned land(IFI=0.913)was more fertile,while the soil of A.chinensis land(IFI=0.485)and J.regia land(IFI=0.501)was poor.Under different land use modes,the risk of heavy metal pollution was the lowest(IR=66.91)in shrub land,and the highest(IR=169.16)in A.chinensis land.Correlation analysis showed that the effect of soil nutrient content on heavy metal content was different with different land use modes,and was more significant in shrub and grass field,artificial forest and natural forest land(P<0.05),but insignificant in abandoned land and crop planting land(P>0.05).[Conclusion]Areas with strong natural attributes have high soil fertility and low risk of heavy metal pollution,indicating that human disturbance is an important factor affecting vegetation restoration in rocky desertification areas.Human disturbance should be appropriately reduced to better improve soil nutrients.

关 键 词：石漠化 不同土地利用方式 土壤养分 重金属 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]