2015年三峡水库典型支流库湾的浮游植物功能群组成和生态状况  

Composition of Phytoplankton Functional Groups and Ecological Status of Typical Tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir in 2015

作　　者：陈克峰 叶麟[2] 谭路[2] 蔡庆华[2] CHEN Kefeng;YE Lin;TAN Lu;CAI Qinghua(College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《湿地科学》2022年第2期268-276,共9页Wetland Science

基　　金：中国科学院战略先导A类项目(XDA23040500);国家重点实验室专项经费项目(2019FBZ01);国家基础性工作专项项目(2014FY120200)资助。

摘　　要：三峡水库蓄水后,其典型支流库湾的生态问题一直是研究热点。2015年4月初,在香溪河、大宁河和小江库湾设置了42个采样点,采集了水样,鉴定和记录了各采样点的浮游植物物种信息,确定了这些物种归属的浮游植物功能群;利用浮游植物集合指数,评价了各库湾水体的生态状况;利用卡尔森的营养状态指数,评估了各库湾水体的营养状态。研究结果表明,在香溪河、大宁河和小江库湾各采样点共记录6门35种浮游植物,分属于13个浮游植物功能群(X2、Y、B、D、P、MP、H1、F、X1、G、J、L_(o)、W1),香溪河、大宁河和小江库湾水体中的浮游植物分别属于10个(以功能群B、X1和L_(o)为主)、11个(以功能群H1、X2、B和G为主)和10个(以功能群L_(o)、H1、X2和B为主)浮游植物功能群;香溪河库湾上游至库湾中部的水体为富营养水体,库湾中部至河口的水体为中营养水体,大宁河库湾的水体多为中营养水体,间或有贫营养和富营养水体混杂分布其中,小江库湾的水体几乎都为富营养水体;香溪河和小江库湾的富营养水体主要由水体中的氮、磷营养盐含量较大所致;香溪河库湾绝大多数水体的生态状况良好,大宁河库湾一半水体的生态状况为可接受,个别水体的生态状况为非常好、良好和中等,小江库湾中部至河口水体的生态状况良好,上游至库湾中部多数水体的生态状况极差。After the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir,the ecological problems of its typical tributaries have always been a research hotspot.In April 2015,42 sampling points were set up in Xiangxi River Bay,Daning River Bay and Xiaojiang Bay,and water samples were collected.Identifying and recording phytoplankton species information at each sampling point,and determining the phytoplankton functional groups to which these species belong.The phytoplankton assemblage index and Carlson’s nutritional status index were used to evaluate the ecological and nutritional status of three bays,respectively.The results showed that a total of 35 species of phytoplankton in 6 phyla were recorded in each sampling point of Xiangxi River Bay,Daning River Bay and Xiaojiang Bay,belonging to 13 phytoplankton functional groups(X2,Y,B,D,P,MP,H1,F,X1,G,J,;O,W1).The phytoplankton in Xiangxi River Bay,Daning River Bay and Xiaojiang Bay belonged to 10(mainly functional groups are B,X1 and L_(o)),11(mainly functional groups are H1,X2,B and G)and 10(mainly functional groups are L_(o),H1,X2 and B)phytoplankton functional groups,respectively.The water from the upper reaches of the Xiangxi River Bay to the middle of the Bay was eutrophic,and the water from the middle to the estuary was mesotrophic.Most of the water in the Daning River Bay was mesotrophic,with occasional oligotrophic and eutrophic distribution.Almost all the water bodies in Xiaojiang Bay are eutrophic.Most of the water bodies of Xiangxi River Bay were in good ecological status.The ecological status of half of the water bodies of the Daning River Bay was tolerable,and the ecological status of individual water bodies was excellent,good and medium.The ecological status of the water bodies from the middle of the Xiaojiang Bay to the estuary were good,and the ecological conditions of most of the water bodies from the upper reaches to the middle were bad.

关 键 词：浮游植物 功能群 水体营养状态 生态状况 三峡水库 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]