水产养殖活动对水体营养盐及浮游植物组成的影响——以桑沟湾围隔实验为例  

Effects of Aquaculture Activities on Nutrients and Phytoplankton Composition:A Case Study of Sanggou Bay Mesocosm Experiment

作　　者：柴正晴 李瑞环[1,2] 宁志铭 董书航 宁晓燕 刘素美[1,5] Chai Zhengqing;Li Ruihuan;Ning Zhiming;Dong Shuhang;Ning Xiaoyan;Liu Sumei(Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, the Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Qingdao 266237, China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学深海圈层与地球系统前沿科学中心和海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [3]广西大学海洋学院,广西南宁530004 [4]海洋高等研究院,山东青岛266237 [5]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期92-102,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41776087,U1806217);山东省“泰山学者”工程专项经费资助项目(ts201511014)资助。

摘　　要：为讨论不同养殖模式下水体营养盐及浮游植物结构的变化情况,于2013年7月28日—8月7日在桑沟湾进行了现场围隔实验。实验结果显示,在磷匮乏的海域,贝类养殖引起的营养盐累积以无机态含氮营养盐为主,使得实验结束时水体DIN含量相较于初始浓度增加了39.5%~71.8%,其中NH^(+)_(4)的含量升高为初始浓度的3.0~3.5倍,是引起DIN升高的主要因素。同时,贝类的滤食作用还会促进浮游植物对DSi的吸收利用。此外,贝藻养殖会对浮游植物粒径结构产生影响,滤食性贝类的滤食作用以及藻类竞争利用营养盐,均会使水体内浮游植物偏小型化,因此nano-级和pico-级浮游植物在养殖活动的影响下更易成为优势种。The mesocosm experiment conducted in Sanggou Bay studied the changes in the composition of nutrients and phytoplankton communities affected by Integrated Multi-trophic Aquaculture mode.The experimental results showed that,in the phosphorus limited aquaculture area,the accumulation of nutrients caused by shellfish culture was dominated by inorganic nitrogenous nutrients,which resulted in a 39.5%~71.8%increase in DIN content compared with the initial concentration at the end of the experiment.NH^(+)_(4),which was 3.0~3.5 times higher than the initial concentration,was the main factor causing the increase in DIN.Meanwhile,the filtration of shellfish can promote the absorption and utilization of DSi by phytoplankton.Phytoplankton community structure will also be affected by aquaculture activities.The filtering effect of shellfish and the competitive utilization of nutrients by macroalgae and phytoplankton will make phytoplankton develop to miniaturization,and nano-and pico-phytoplankton will become the dominant species.

关 键 词：营养盐循环 浮游植物 水产养殖 围隔实验 桑沟湾 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]