论跨国碳排放权交易的管辖权冲突及解决  

Jurisdiction Conflicts in Transnational Carbon Emissions Trading and Its Resolution

作　　者：郝海青[1] 周雯慧 HAO Haiqing;ZHOU Wenhui(School of Law,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学法学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期63-69,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology（Social Sciences）

基　　金：山东省社科规划重点项目“习近平建设美丽中国思想及实现路径研究”(18BXSXJ21)。

摘　　要：碳排放权交易作为减少温室气体排放的创新举措,在全球范围内得到广泛且深入的发展,各国积极作出碳减排承诺并致力于建立本国的碳交易市场。第26届格拉斯哥气候大会开启全球气候治理新征程,各缔约方达成应对气候变化共识,通过了建立全球碳交易市场的指南文件,为跨国碳排放权交易提供了制度基础。跨国碳排放权交易具有跨境性,交易双方在维护自身利益的基础上会主张由不同机构进行管辖,因此会产生管辖权冲突。依据不同的标准,将跨国碳排放权交易的管辖权冲突分为不同类型,具体包括积极冲突与消极冲突,单向对接合作中的冲突、双向对接合作中的冲突与多边对接合作中的冲突。当前碳市场普遍缺少关于管辖权冲突的应对规则与方案。解决管辖权冲突的对策是适用意思自治原则和最密切联系原则,并借鉴适用WTO争端解决机构相关规则,最根本的解决方案是在跨国碳排放权交易领域缔结统一的国际条约,明确规定关于管辖权的具体规则,以减少冲突产生,推动碳排放权交易市场的发展。Carbon emission trading,as an innovative measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,has been widely and deeply developed in the world.Many countries are committed to reduce carbon emissions and establish their own carbon trading market.The 26th Glasgow Climate Conference opened a new chapter in global climate governance,and the COP reached a consensus on tackling climate change and adopted the guidance documents for the establishment of a global carbon trading market,providing an institutional basis for cross-border trading of carbon emission rights.Transnational carbon emission trading is cross-border.On the basis of safeguarding their own interests,both parties to the transaction may claim jurisdiction by different institutions,so there will be jurisdiction conflict.According to different standards,the jurisdictional conflicts of cross-border carbon emissions trading are divided into different types,including positive conflicts and negative conflicts,conflicts in one-way docking cooperation,conflicts in two-way docking cooperation and conflicts in multilateral docking cooperation.Currently,the carbon markets are generally in lack of rules and programs to deal with the jurisdiction conflicts.The solution to the conflicts of jurisdiction is to apply the principle of autonomy of will and the principle of the closest relationship,and apply the relevant rules of WTO dispute settlement body.The most fundamental solution is to establish a unified international treaty in the field of cross-border carbon emissions trading,which stipulates the specific jurisdiction rules clearly,so as to reduce the occurrence of conflicts and promote the development of carbon emissions trading markets.

关 键 词：跨国碳排放权交易 管辖权冲突 意思自治原则 最密切联系原则 WTO规则 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] D996.9[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]