美国食品安全惩罚性赔偿制度的指向与中国路径  

The institutional direction of punitive damages for food safety in the United States and Chinese path

作　　者：唐晓梅 TANG Xiao-mei(Law School of Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学法学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《食品与机械》2022年第5期53-55,201,共4页Food and Machinery

摘　　要：通过观察和审视美国食品安全惩罚性赔偿制度,得出中国当前的食品安全惩罚性赔偿制度存在忽视对主观恶性的评价、惩罚性赔偿金额计算方式刻板僵化,以及赔偿的上限倍数过高等亟待解决的问题。对此,可以从构建以主观恶性为标准的惩罚性赔偿主体确定制度、建立基于损失补偿原则的弹性惩罚性赔偿金额计算制度和设置惩罚性赔偿的金额上限等方面,对中国的食品安全惩罚性赔偿制度进行优化与构建。The punitive damages system of American food safety mainly points to the premise of subjective viciousness,the jury s discretion according to the actual loss and viciousness,and the setting of punitive damages ceiling.By observing and examining the punitive damages system for food safety in the United States,some issues in the current punitive damages system for Chinese food safety in China need to be urgently solved,such as neglecting subjective vicious evaluation,rigid calculation method of punitive damages,and excessive upper limit multiple of compensation.In this regard,we can optimize and construct the food safety punitive damages system in China from the following aspects,i.e.,establishing a punitive damages subject determination system based on subjective viciousness,and elastic punitive damages amount calculation system based on the principle of loss compensation,and setting an upper limit of punitive damages amount.

关 键 词：美国食品安全惩罚性赔偿制度 赔偿上限 主观恶性 自由裁量权 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] DD913