不同热处理下SiC_(p)/2024Al复合材料摩擦磨损性能及机理  

Friction and Wear Performance and Mechanism of SiC_(p)/2024Al Composites Under Different Heat Treatments

作　　者：房玉鑫 王优强 张平 王雪兆[1,2] FANG Yuxin;WANG Youqiang;ZHANG Ping;WANG Xuezhao(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266525,China;Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛266525 [2]工业流体节能与污染控制教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2022年第5期30-37,共8页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575289,51705270);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2019PEE028)。

摘　　要：颗粒增强铝基复合材料因具有质量轻、强度高和耐磨等优点,是发展轻量化制动部件的优良备选材料。采用由压力浸渗法制备的SiC_(p)/2024Al复合材料,与GCr15钢球进行干滑动摩擦磨损实验,探究其在T4和T6热处理以及不同载荷和滑动速度下的磨损机理和摩擦学性能,并与2024铝合金进行了对比实验,探究了SiC颗粒的加入对磨损机理的影响。结果表明:高硬度SiC颗粒的加入明显提高了材料的耐磨性,SiC_(p)/2024Al复合材料相较于2024铝合金具有更高且稳定的摩擦系数,T6热处理工艺相较于T4工艺降低了复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损率;复合材料的磨损机制主要为剥层磨损,2024铝合金的磨损机制为磨粒磨损,SiC颗粒的加入引起了磨损机理的转变;磨损过程中亚表层颗粒在低速低载情况下能保持较为完整形态,起保护减磨作用,而在高速高载情况下更易破碎形成微观缺陷,加快亚表层微裂纹的扩展。Particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites are excellent alternative materials for the development of lightweight brake components for their light weight,high strength and wear resistance.In this study,dry sliding tribology experiments with GCr15 steel balls were conducted with SiC_(p)/2024Al composites prepared by pressure infiltration to investigate their wear mechanisms and tribological properties under T4 and T6 heat treatments and various loads and sliding speeds;the same comparative experiments were conducted with 2024 Al to investigate the effect of SiC particles on the wear mechanisms.The results show that the addition of high hardness SiC particles significantly improves the wear resistance of the material,the SiC_(p)/2024Al composites have a higher and more stable friction coefficient compared to 2024Al alloy,and the T6 heat treatment can reduce the friction coefficient and wear rate of the composites when compared to the T4.The adding SiC particles caused a change in the wear mechanism,which is mainly delamination wear for composites and abrasive wear for 2024 aluminum alloy.At low speed and low load,subsurface particles were more likely to remain intact for protection and wear reduction,whereas at high speed and high load,the subsurface particles were more likely to fragment to form microscopic defects,accelerating the expansion of subsurface microcracks.

关 键 词：颗粒增强复合材料 磨损机理 剥层磨损 热处理 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]