清代民国时期番鸭的传入及其影响  

Introduction of Muscovy Duck and Its Influences during the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

作　　者：李伟良 LI Weiliang(Faculty of History,Nankai University,Tianjin,300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《安徽史学》2022年第3期58-66,75,共10页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“多卷本《中国生态环境史》”(13&ZD080)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：番鸭原产于中南美洲,最早由印第安人驯化为家禽。清代民国时期,番鸭传入中国并产生了比较重要的影响。康熙五十八年以来,番鸭由洋人及华侨传入中国,并逐渐推广于南方地区。番鸭传入中国以后,人们对其形成了初步认识,产生了多样的地方称谓,了解了其基本的物种特征。番鸭的传入及推广,具有重要的社会经济意义:其作为一种经济动物,改善了中国南方农村的家禽饲养结构,提升了人们的经济生活水平;作为一种玩物和食材,丰富了人们的休闲娱乐方式,形成了独具特色的饮食文化。Muscovy duck are native to Central and South America and were first domesticated as poultry by Indians.During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,muscovy duck were introduced into China and had a comparatively important impact.Since the 58th year of Kangxi(1719),muscovy duck has been introduced into China by foreigners and overseas Chinese,and gradually popularized in the Southern China.After the introduction of muscovy duck into China,People have formed a preliminary understanding about it,produced a variety of local appellations,and understood its basic species characteristics.The introduction and spread of muscovy duck had important social and economic significance:as an economic animal,muscovy duck has improved the poultry breeding structure in the countryside of Southern China and improve people’s economic living standards;as a plaything and food material,muscovy duck enriched people’s leisure and entertainment methods and formed a unique food culture.

关 键 词：番鸭 物种传入 社会经济意义 清代民国 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] K25[历史地理—中国史]