2种蚜虫在蚕豆上适合度的研究  

Differences in the fitness between two aphid species on Vicia faba

作　　者：张瑶瑶 周岳阳 徐青 秦秋菊[1,2] 何运转 张永军[3] 刘顺 ZHANG Yaoyao;ZHOU Yueyang;XU Qing;QIN Qiuju;HE Yunzhuan;ZHANG Yongjun;LIU Shun(College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;Biological Control Center of Plant Pests of Hebei Province, Baoding 071001, China;Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,保定071001 [2]河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术中心,保定071001 [3]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第3期136-141,164,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201004);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2018060204)。

摘　　要：为了明确豌豆修尾蚜Megoura crassicauda和豆蚜Aphis craccivora在蚕豆上适合度的差异,从中选出适合度较高的蚜虫用于天敌昆虫的大规模繁殖,对两种蚜虫在蚕豆上的发育参数进行了观察并建立了生命表。结果表明:2种蚜虫的成虫历期和世代周期差异虽不显著,但豌豆修尾蚜的若虫历期6.66 d显著低于豆蚜的7.86 d。产蚜量曲线中,豌豆修尾蚜的产蚜量在前期虽迅速增加,但2种蚜虫的生殖力参数差异均不显著。存活率曲线中,豌豆修尾蚜在蚕豆上14~30.5 d时的存活率低于豆蚜,30.5 d后开始高于豆蚜,且其整体存活率曲线比较稳定。生命参数表中,豌豆修尾蚜的周限增长率和内禀增长率分别为1.38和0.32,均高于豆蚜的1.33和0.29。综上,相较豆蚜,豌豆修尾蚜在蚕豆苗上的适合度、存活稳定性更高,更适合在蚕豆上大量扩繁,在蚜虫天敌规模化生产中具有一定的应用潜力。The differences in the fitness response of Megoura crassicauda and Aphis craccivora to Vicia faba plants were studied,aiming at selecting a better one for mass culture in insectary for large scale production of natural enemies.The experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the fitness difference between the two aphid species on broad bean,and their developmental parameters were observed and life tables constructed.The results showed that there were no significant differences in adult duration and generation time between these two kinds of aphids,but the nymph duration of M.crassicauda was 6.66 d,which was significantly lower than that of A.craccivora(7.86 d).Although the yield of M.crassicauda increased rapidly in the early stage,the fecundity parameters of these two species of aphids were not significantly different.The survival rate of M.crassicauda was lower than that of A.craccivora on Vicia faba plants for 14-30.5 days,but higher after 30.5 days,and the overall survival rate curve was stable.As for the life parameters,the finite rate of increase and intrinsic rate of increase of M.crassicauda were 1.38 and 0.32,respectively,which were higher than those of A.craccivora(1.33 and 0.29).The fitness and survival stability of M.crassicauda were higher than those of A.craccivora,and M.crassicauda was more suitable for reproduction on V.faba plants,which has potential for large-scale production of aphid natural enemies.

关 键 词：豌豆修尾蚜 豆蚜 适合度 发育历期 繁殖力 生命参数表 

分 类 号：S436.43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]