不同缓解处理对甲咪唑烟酸紫花苜蓿药害的缓解效果研究  

Effects of different mitigation treatments on the phytotoxicity of imazapic in alfalfa

作　　者：苏旺苍[1] 徐洪乐[1] 孙兰兰[1] 冯长松[2] 吴仁海[1] SU Wangcang;XU Hongle;SUN Lanlan;FENG Changsong;WU Renhai(Institute of Plant Protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第3期270-277,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(212102110464);河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金(2020YQ11)。

摘　　要：为了评价不同缓解处理对甲咪唑烟酸引起的紫花苜蓿药害的缓解效果,于紫花苜蓿刈割后10 d喷施甲咪唑烟酸,分别在药后5 d和10 d喷施磷酸二氢钾、芸苔素内酯、赤·吲乙·芸苔、赤霉酸、复硝酚钠、吡唑醚菌酯、萘乙酸、氨基酸原液、奈安共9种缓解剂进行药害缓解,调查紫花苜蓿株高、鲜重并测定其产量、品质。结果表明,240 g/L甲咪唑烟酸水剂129.6 g/hm^(2)对紫花苜蓿药害明显,严重抑制其生长,株高下降25.45%,鲜重减少38.26%,最终减产13.28%;药后5 d赤·吲乙·芸苔、芸苔素内酯、氨基酸原液及药后10 d奈安处理的株高抑制率分别为-2.11%、-3.16%、-1.06%和-0.80%,株高均显著高于药害植株,缓解效果好。复硝酚钠、吡唑醚菌酯处理的株高、鲜重显著低于空白对照,抑制率均>10%,缓解效果差。药后5 d芸苔素内酯处理较甲咪唑烟酸对照、空白对照产量增加22.96%、6.64%,增产率最高,赤·吲乙·芸苔、氨基酸原液其次,且对品质均无不良影响。综合分析,在甲咪唑烟酸药后5 d喷施0.01%芸苔素内酯可溶液剂0.0225 g/hm^(2)、0.136%赤·吲乙·芸苔可湿性粉剂90 g/hm^(2)、氨基酸原液300 g/hm^(2)对紫花苜蓿甲咪唑烟酸药害的缓解效果理想。To explore the mitigation effects of different mitigation treatments on alfalfa phytotoxicity caused by imazapic,spraying imazapic in the field 10 days after alfalfa mowing,and then spraying nine kinds of mitigators(potassium dihydrogen phosphate,gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·brassinolide,brassinolide,gibberellic acid,sodium nitrophenolate,pyraclostrobin,1-naphthyl acetic acid,amino acid stock solution,naian)after five days and 10 days were conducted to relieve the phytotoxicity status,and alfalfa height and fresh weight were investigated and the yield and quality were also determined.The results showed that 240 g/L imazapic AS at 129.6 g/hm^(2) had obvious phytotoxicity to alfalfa,severely inhibited alfalfa growth,and plant height,fresh weight and yield were decreased by 25.45%,38.26%,and 13.28%,respectively.The plant height inhibition rates of gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·brassinolide,brassinolide,amino acid stock solution after five days and naian after 10 days treatment were-2.11%,-3.16%,-1.06%and-0.80%,respectively.The plant height was significantly higher than that of the phytotoxic plants,and the alleviation effect were good.The plant height and fresh weight inhibition rate of the treatments with sodium nitrophenolate and pyraclostrobin were all more than 10%,which were significantly lower than those of the blank control,and the alleviation effect were poor.After five days of imazapic treatment,the brassinolide treatment increased the alfalfa yield by 22.96%and 6.64%,respectively,compared with the imazapic control and blank control,the yield increase rate was the highest,followed by gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·brassinolide and amino acid stock solution,and the alfalfa quality was not affected.Comprehensive analysis showed that spraying brassinolide 0.01%SL at 0.0225 g/hm^(2),gibberellic acid·indol-3-ylacetic acid·brassinolide 0.136%WP at 90 g/hm^(2) or amino acid stock solution at 300 g/hm^(2) after five days of imazapic treatment had an ideal alleviation effect on the

关 键 词：甲咪唑烟酸 紫花苜蓿 药害 缓解剂 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]