人工智能及CT影像学鉴别诊断恶性及非钙化肺结节研究  

Exploration on the value of AI CT imaging in differential diagnosis for malignant and non-calcified PN

作　　者：王雷[1] 许涛[2] 史珊[1] 张峰 石凤祥[1] 张红丽 WANG Lei;XU Tao;SHI Shan(Department of Radiology,Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100053,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院广安门医院放射科,北京100053 [2]廊坊市人民医院放射科,河北廊坊065099 [3]唐山市人民医院放射科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国医学装备》2022年第5期64-67,共4页China Medical Equipment

基　　金：河北省2019年度医学科学研究课题计划(201921069)“人工智能在肺结节良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值分析”。

摘　　要：目的:研究人工智能(AI)及CT影像学鉴别诊断恶性及非钙化肺结节(PN)的临床价值。方法:选取医院收治的148例(170个结节)经外科手术和穿刺活检病理诊断的PN患者,所有患者均进行CT检查及AI图像分析,采用Kappa检验评价AI和影像医师与病理诊断良恶性PN一致性。结果:经外科手术和穿刺活检的病理诊断共发现148例共170个存在病理或两年及以上随访无变化结节,其中良性结节72个,恶性结节98个;72个良性结节中AI对其中的1个良性结节检测为恶性,影像医师对其中的2个良性结节检测为恶性;AI和影像医师诊断与病理结果的Kappa值分别为0.874和0.825,一致性较好。结论:AI鉴别诊断恶性及非钙化性肺结节能力与影像医师鉴别诊断结果相似,在一定程度上可替代影像医师进行一系列的基础辅助工作,增加恶性及非钙化肺结节诊断的可靠性。Objective:To explore the clinical value of artificial intelligence(AI)and computed tomography(CT)imaging in differential diagnosis of malignant and non-calcified pulmonary nodule(PN).Methods:148 patients(170 nodules)with PN who were confirmed by surgery and biopsy were selected.All patients underwent CT examination and AI image analysis.Kappa test was adopted to evaluate the consistency between AI and pathological diagnosis,and between imaging physician and pathological diagnosis on benign and malignant PN.Results:A total of 148 cases were found by surgical operation and puncture biopsy.A total of 170 nodules with pathology or without change after two years or more follow-up,which included 72 benign nodules and 98 malignant nodules.In 72 benign nodules,one of them was detected as malignant nodule by AI,and two of them were detected as malignant by imaging physician.The kappa value between AI diagnosis and pathological diagnosis was 0.874,and that between imaging physician and pathological diagnosis was 0.825,the consistencies of them were favorable.Conclusion:The ability of AI is similar with the results of differential diagnosis of imaging physician in differentially diagnosing malignant and non-calcified PN.To a certain extent,it can replace imaging physician to conduct a series of basic auxiliary works,so as to increase the reliability of diagnosing malignant and calcified PN.

关 键 词：人工智能(AI) 计算机断层扫描(CT) 肺结节(PN) 肺癌 

分 类 号：R816.4[医药卫生—放射医学]