基于肛肠检测设备技术的医联体社区居民常见肛肠疾病筛查研究  

Research on screening of common anorectal diseases in medical consortium community residents based on anorectal examination equipment technology

作　　者：赵雪松 于海洋[1] 王红禄[1] 吴宝音[1] ZHAO Xue-song;YU Hai-yang;WANG Hong-lu(Department of General Surgery,Liangxiang Hospital,Fangshan District,Beijing 102401,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区良乡医院普通外科,北京102401

出　　处：《中国医学装备》2022年第5期160-164,共5页China Medical Equipment

基　　金：北京市房山区良乡医院院级课题(2018-08)“北京市房山区良乡医院医联体社区居民常见肛肠疾病的诊治研究”。

摘　　要：目的:基于系列肛肠检测设备技术对医联体社区居民进行肛肠疾病筛查,评估肛肠疾病谱分布情况以及患者年龄、性别等因素与常见肛肠疾病发生的相关性。方法:对符合入组医联体的1230名社区居民进行肛肠疾病筛查,采用自行设计调查问卷采集社区居民肛肠疾病检查前病史,通过直肠指诊、肛门镜检查和电子直肠乙状结肠镜检查筛查出肛肠疾病患者高危人群,对比肛肠疾病患者性别、年龄及疾病谱的分布特点,评价其生活因素的相关性。结果:1230名社区居民中正常249名,发现肛肠相关疾病981例,占比79.8%;肛肠相关疾病排名前5种为痔、肛裂、肛瘘、肛乳头肥大和肛周湿疹,年龄因素在总发病率中无明显差异;疾病谱显示直肠癌发病率与年龄呈正相关,痔发病集中在40~59岁,肛瘘发病集中在30~39岁;肛肠疾病发生人群的运动情况与疾病发生存在关联,与饮食因素相关性不明显。结论:肛肠疾病总发病率无性别差异,疾病谱中男性以痔、肛瘘和肛裂为主,女性以痔、肛裂和肛乳头肥大为主。Objective:To screen the anorectal diseases in medical consortium community residents based on serial anorectal examination equipment technology,and to evaluate the distribution of anorectal disease and the correlation between age,gender and the common anorectal diseases.Methods:1,230 community residents were screened for anorectal diseases.Self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data about the medical history of the community residents before anorectal disease examination.The high-risk groups of patients with anorectal disease were screened through digital rectal examination,anoscopy and electronic recto sigmoidoscope.The distribution characteristics of gender,age and disease spectrum in patients anorectal diseases were compared,and the correlation of life factors were evaluated.Results:981 cases of anorectal related diseases were found in 1,230 residents,accounting for 79.8%.Hemorrhoids,anal fissure,anal fistula,anal papilla hypertrophy and perianal eczema were the top five diseases of anorectal,with no significant difference in total morbidity by age.The disease spectrum showed that the incidence of rectal cancer was positively correlated with age,the incidence of hemorrhoids was concentrated in 40-59 years old,and the incidence of anal fistula was concentrated in 30-39 years old.There was a correlation between the physical exercise of the population with anorectal disease and the occurrence of the disease,and the correlation with dietary factors was not obvious.Conclusion:There was no gender difference in the incidence of anorectal diseases,and the disease spectrum showed a high incidence of hemorrhoids,anal fistula,anal fissure in male patients,and a high incidence of hemorrhoids,anal fissure,anal papilla hypertrophy in female patients.

关 键 词：肛肠疾病 普筛 发病率 统计分析 医联体 

分 类 号：R608[医药卫生—外科学]