多向锻造机械轴承钢的组织与性能  

Microstructure and properties of mechanical bearing steel in multi-directional forging

作　　者：黄东[1] 吴明友[2] 文豪 Huang Dong;Wu Mingyou;Wen Hao(Sub-academies of Robotics,Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Technology,Zhuhai 519090,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Zhuhai,Zhuhai 519088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东科学技术职业学院机器人学院,广东珠海519090 [2]北京理工大学珠海学院机械工程学院,广东珠海519088

出　　处：《锻压技术》2022年第4期68-73,共6页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目(2020KQNCX159)。

摘　　要：为了提高机械轴承钢的室温及高温耐磨损性能,对GCr15机械轴承钢进行了多向锻造试验,并对比分析了锻造前及多向锻造后轴承钢的显微组织、25℃室温及350℃高温下的耐磨损性能。结果表明:与锻造前相比,多向锻造后机械轴承钢的晶粒明显细化,碳化物由粗壮的鱼骨状变为细小的三维网状,并呈弥散分布;多向锻造使机械轴承钢在室温磨损20 min后的磨损体积从31×10^(-3)mm^(3)减小至16×10^(-3)mm^(3)、高温磨损20 min后的磨损体积从54×10^(-3)mm^(3)减小至22×10^(-3)mm^(3),机械轴承钢的室温及高温耐磨损性能均得到了显著提高。多向锻造是提高机械轴承钢的室温及高温耐磨损性能的有效途径,具有较强的工业实用性。In order to improve the wear resistance of mechanical bearing steel at room temperature and high temperature, the multi-directional forging test of GCr15 mechanical bearing steel was carried out, and the microstructure and wear resistance at room temperature of 25 ℃ and high temperature of 350 ℃ for bearing steel before forging and after multi-directional forging were compared and analyzed. The results show that compared with that of before forging, the grains of bearing steel after multi-directional forging are obviously refined, the carbides change from thick fishbone to fine three-dimensional network, which are dispersed and distributed. For mechanical bearing steel, the multi-directional forging reduces its wear volume from 31×10;to 16×10^(-3)mm^(3) after wear at room temperature for 20 minutes, while its wear volume reduces from 54×10;to 22×10^(-3)mm^(3) after wear at high temperature for 20 minutes, which indicating that its wear resistance at room temperature and high temperature is significantly improved. Thus, the multi-directional forging is an effective way to improve the wear resistance of mechanical bearing steel at room temperature and high temperature, which has strong industrial practicability.

关 键 词：机械轴承钢 多向锻造 显微组织 耐磨损性能 GCR15钢 

分 类 号：TG132.25[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]