抗生素抗性基因的生态风险研究进展  

Research advances in ecological risk of antibiotic resistance genes

作　　者：蔡天贵 张龙[1] 张晋东[1] CAI Tian-gui;ZHANG Long;ZHANG Jin-dong(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation,Nanchong 637009,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637009

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2022年第5期1435-1440,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071279);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0402);四川省应用基础项目(2019YJ0338);西华师范大学科研创新团队基金项目(CXTD2018-9);西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(XNYB19-01);西华师范大学博士启动基金项目(17E073,17E074);放牧对大熊猫及其栖息地抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的影响项目(cxcy2021184)资助。

摘　　要：自抗生素被发现和使用以来,其在人类和动物疾病预防与治疗、提高动物生产等方面均发挥了重要作用。但抗生素的批量生产及大量应用,特别是在养殖业和临床医疗上的滥用,导致抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)在环境中普遍存在,其借助质粒、转座子、整合子等可移动元件通过接合、转座、转化等方式在环境中广泛传播,导致微生物药性不断增强,对人类健康和生态安全造成严重威胁。当前,ARGs对人类健康的影响已受到高度关注,但有关ARGs在环境中的生态风险研究还相对薄弱。本文综述了ARGs污染的现状及其生态风险,并对该领域中未来研究重点进行了展望,以期为今后抗性基因的研究和生态防控提供参考。Antibiotics have played an important role in the prevention and treatment of human and animal diseases as well as the improvement of animal products.However,the mass products and application of antibiotics,especially the abuse in animal industry and clinical medicine,led to the widespread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in the environment.They spread widely through conjugation,transposition,and transformation with the help of movable elements such as plasmid,transposon and integrons,resulting in the continuous enhancement of microbial medicinal properties and posing a serious threat to human health and ecological security.At present,great attention has been paid to the impacts of ARGs on human health,but limited research on the ecological risk of ARGs in the environment.Here,the status quo and ecological risks of ARGs pollution were summarized,and the future research priorities in this field were prospected.We hope it could pave the way for further studies and give references for the ecological control and prevention of ARGs pollution.

关 键 词：抗生素 抗生素抗性基因 生态风险 抗性基因传播 

分 类 号：X50[环境科学与工程—环境工程]