苹果试管苗携带病毒种类数量与脱除效率的关系  

Relationship between the number of virus species infected in in vitro apple plantlets and elimination efficiency

作　　者：胡国君[1] 张尊平[1] 范旭东[1] 任芳[1] 翟秀丽 时晓燕 董雅凤[1] HU Guojun;ZHANG Zunping;FAN Xudong;REN Fang;ZHAI Xiuli;SHI Xiaoyan;DONG Yafeng(Research Institute of Pomology,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,National Center for Eliminating Viruses from Deciduous Fruit Trees,Xingcheng,Liaoning 125100;Chifeng City Forest and Grassland Protection and Development Center)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所,国家落叶果树脱毒中心,辽宁兴城125100 [2]赤峰市森林草原保护发展中心

出　　处：《中国果树》2022年第5期57-61,F0003,共6页China Fruits

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2019YFD1001800);中国农业科学院科技创新工程;董雅凤专家工作站(2018ZTYX16)。

摘　　要：以感染不同种类和数量病毒的富嘎、维纳斯黄金、新2001富士苹果试管苗为材料,分别采用热处理(36℃)和热处理结合化学处理(36℃+25μg/mL病毒醚)脱毒。处理过程中,维纳斯黄金表现出良好的耐热性,富嘎耐热性较差,处理结束时,新2001富士2组脱毒处理植株株高和增殖系数显著低于对照组植株。对再生植株的成活率分析发现,维纳斯黄金平均成活率最高,为83.2%,富嘎和新2001富士的差别不大,分别为64.0%和59.2%。采用RT-PCR方法对再生植株进行病毒检测。结果显示,富嘎、维纳斯黄金的脱毒率较高,分别为94.7%、88.9%;新2001富士的较低,为46.2%;ACLSV、ASGV和ASPV的平均脱除率分别为56.1%、41.0%和63.9%。比较不同品种和不同病毒的脱除效率发现,苹果病毒的脱除效率与病毒的数量不存在明显的相关性,但与病毒的种类关系密切。The in vitro apple plantlet‘Fuga’,‘Venus Gold’and‘New 2001 Fuji’infected with different kinds and quantities of viruses were treated by thermotherapy(36℃)and thermotherapy combinated with chemotherapy(36℃+25μg/mL ribavirin),respectively.During the treatment,‘Venus Gold’showed good heat resistance,but the heat resistance of‘Fuga’was poor.At the end of treatment,the height and proliferation of‘New 2001 Fuji’plants in two treatments were significantly lower than those in the control.The analysis of the survival rate of regenerated plants showed that‘Venus Gold’had the highest average survival rate of 83.2%,while,the average survival rate of‘Fuga’and‘New 2001 Fuji’had little difference,64.0%and 59.2%,respectively.RT-PCR was used to detect the viruses in the regenerated apple plants.The results showed that the elimination rates of‘Fuga’and‘Venus Gold’were higher,94.7%and 88.9%,respectively,and‘New 2001 Fuji’was lower,46.2%.The average eradication rates of ACLSV,ASGV and ASPV were 56.1%,41.0%and 63.9%,respectively.Comparition of the elimination efficiency of different varieties and viruses showed that the elimination efficiency of apple virus was no obvious correlation with the number of viruses,but it was closely related to the types of viruses.

关 键 词：苹果病毒 脱毒 热处理 热处理结合化学处理 脱除效率 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]