农地流转中“农户劣势”的理论辨析与政策启示  

Theoretical Analysis and Policy Enlightenment of"Disadvantage of Farmers"in Circulation of Farmland

作　　者：武舜臣 姜常宜 赵策 Wu Shun-chen;Jiang Chang-yi;Zhao Ce

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所 [2]青岛农业大学管理学院 [3]清华大学公共管理学院 [4]清华大学中国农村研究院

出　　处：《经济学家》2022年第5期87-96,共10页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“农业高质量发展的理论创新与路径研究”(21ZDA054);清华大学国家高端智库课题重点专项“小农户与现代农业衔接运行机制研究”(2020ZZBF0112);中国社会科学院青年科研启动项目“规模经营实现农业社会化服务的‘双重效应’研究”(2022YQNQD033)。

摘　　要：农地流转中的农户权益保障问题一直是农业规模经济研究的热点,且基本形成了农户在农地流转中处于劣势,多会因农地流转遭受损失的论断。基于已有文献的回顾与反思,本文归纳比较了农地流转市场中“农户劣势”论断的理论可能和实践悖论,并对基于“农户劣势”论断而采取的应对措施及可能影响展开讨论。研究发现,在无政府干预情形下,不存在足够证据支撑“农户劣势”论断。与真伪难辨的“农户劣势”不同,为应对“农户劣势”的有关措施反而导致“农户劣势”的真实发生,对农户利益造成实际的伤害,基于此,文章提出政府应减少对农地流转市场的直接干预,应以完善农地流转的市场机制为抓手,推动农户利益和现代农业发展实现双赢。The issue of protecting the rights and interests of farmers in the circulation of farmland has always been a hot topic in the study of agricultural economies of scale.Moreover,it has basically formed the thesis that peasant households are at a disadvantage in the circulation of farmland and will suffer losses due to the circulation of farmland.Based on the review and reflection of the existing literature,this paper summarizes and compares the theoretical possibilities and practical paradoxes of the"disadvantage of farmers"theory in the agricultural land circulation market.This article discusses the response to the"disadvantage of farmers"and the possible impact of the measure.The results show that:in the absence of government intervention,there is not enough evidence to prove the existence of"disadvantage of farmers".Unlike the"disadvantages of farmers"which is difficult to distinguish between true and false,the relevant measures taken to deal with the"disadvantages of farmers"have led to the occurrence of"disadvantages of farmers"and caused actual harm to the interests of farmers.Based on this,the article proposes that the government should reduce direct intervention in the farmland transfer market,and should focus on improving the market mechanism for farmland transfer to promote the interests of farmers and the development of modern agriculture to achieve a winwin situation.

关 键 词：农地流转“ 农户劣势” 理论辨析 政策启示 

分 类 号：F304.6[经济管理—产业经济]