经典名方中没药的本草考证  

Herbal Textual Research on Myrrha in Famous Classical Formulas

作　　者：周海燕 杜杰 白杨 詹志来 张业达 ZHOU Hai-yan;DU Jie;BAI Yang;ZHAN Zhi-lai;ZHANG Ye-da(China National Traditional Chinese Medicine Co.Ltd.,Beijing 102600,China;Beijing City University,Beijing 100094,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Zhonghua Southern Pharma Sdn.Bhd.,Penang 14100,Malaysia)

机构地区：[1]中国中药有限公司,北京102600 [2]北京城市学院,北京100094 [3]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700 [4]众花南药有限公司,马来西亚槟城14100

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2022年第10期123-129,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1711401);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A03702)。

摘　　要：通过查阅历代本草及医书典籍,结合现代相关文献资料,笔者对没药药材的名称、基原、产地、品质评价、采收加工、炮制历史沿革及变迁情况进行了系统考证,以期为包含没药的经典名方开发提供依据。经考证可知,古代没药药材主流基原为Commiphora myrrha,历代产地集中在非洲索马里、埃塞俄比亚地区及肯尼亚北部,可生用或炒用。现今常用的规格有没药、炒没药、醋没药,其中没药为净制后的生品;炒没药为清炒品,在古代本草中均有相关记载并沿用至今;醋没药为近代新增炮制规格。基于考证结果,建议经典名方身痛逐瘀汤中所用没药采用2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》中净制后的生品。In order to provide the basis for the development of famous classical formulas containing Myrrha,the name,origin,quality evaluation,harvest and processing of Myrrha were systematically researched by consulting the ancient herbal and medical books,combining with the modern related literature.According to textual research,the results showed that Commiphora myrrha was the main base in ancient times,which was produced in Somalia,Ethiopia and northern Kenya.In addition,raw and fried products of Myrrha were the commonly used specifications in ancient herbal medicine,which are still used today.Nowadays,Myrrha,fried Myrrha and vinegar-processed Myrrha were the commonly used specifications.Among the three specifications,Myrrha is the raw products after cleaning,fried Myrrha is a kind of processed products,which has relevant records in ancient materia medica and is still used today.Vinegar-processed Myrrha is a new processing specification in modern times.Based on the research results,it is suggested that Myrrha in Shentong Zhuyutang should be the purified raw Myrrha in accordance with the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

关 键 词：经典名方 没药 基原 炮制方法 本草考证 醋制品 身痛逐瘀汤 

分 类 号：R289[医药卫生—方剂学] R931[医药卫生—中药学]