高应力松软底板巷道底鼓机理及锚+桩控制研究  

Study on Floor Heave Mechanism and Anchor Pile Control of Roadway with High-Stress Soft Floor

作　　者：杨朋博 苏学贵[1,2] 杜献杰 郭毛毛 YANG Pengbo;SU Xuegui;DU Xianjie;GUO Maomao(College of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024,China;State Key Laboratory of Deep Geomechanics and Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学矿业工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2022年第5期101-107,共7页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52004173);深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLGDUEK1820)。

摘　　要：软岩底板巷道常表现出底鼓变形破坏,尤其是受采动和构造应力影响时底鼓尤为严重。以双柳矿3313抽采巷道为工程背景,采用解析分析、数值模拟的方法对巷道底鼓机理及稳定控制对策进行了研究。分析表明:构造应力使巷道围岩的水平应力增大2.1倍,采动影响使巷道围岩垂直应力增大2.1~3.5倍,由此导致巷道底鼓滑移破坏力增大2.45~2.91倍。提出通过增打两帮斜拉锚索以降低帮部垂直应力、增加底部钢板桩以降低底板水平应力的底鼓控制优化方案,研究表明:增加巷帮斜拉锚索可使两帮垂直应力降低15.1%,增加底部钢板桩使底板水平应力降低18.3%。采用优化的支护方案后,巷道稳定性的改善效果明显,巷道两帮收敛量减少73.6%,巷道底鼓量减少73.1%,塑性破坏区减少61.5%,实现了巷道整体稳定。优化的支护方案在双柳矿新掘抽采巷的应用取得了良好的效果,从而为高应力区松软底板巷道支护提供了借鉴。The roadway with soft rock floor often appears floor heave deformation and failure,especially when affected by mining and tectonic stress.The 3313 extraction roadway in Shuangliu mine was taken as the engineering background.The floor heave mechanism of roadway and its stability control countermeasures were studied by means of analytical analysis,numerical simulation and engineering application.The analysis shows that the tectonic stress increases the horizontal stress of the surrounding rock by 2.1 times,and the mining influence increases the vertical stress of roadway surrounding rock by 2.1~3.5 times,which results in 2.45~2.91 times of the failure force of the floor heave of the roadway.Based on this,an optimization scheme of floor heave control was put forward,which added inclined cable at two sides of roadway to reduce the vertical stress of the side and added steel sheet piles at the floor to reduce the horizontal stress of the floor.The results show that adding inclined cable in two sides of roadway can reduce the vertical stress of the two sides by 15.1%,and adding steel sheet piles at the floor can reduce the horizontal stress of the floor by 18.3%.After adopting the optimized support scheme,the improvement effect of roadway stability is obvious.The convergence of two sides of roadway is reduced by 73.6%,the floor heave of roadway is reduced by 73.1%,and the plastic failure area is reduced by 61.5%,realizing the overall stability of roadway.The optimized support scheme has achieved good results in the application of new extraction roadway in Shuangliu mine,which provides a reference for the support of soft floor roadway in highstress area.

关 键 词：软岩巷道底鼓 构造应力 采动应力 斜拉锚索 钢板桩 

分 类 号：TD327.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]