基于圆孔的光近场远场衍射实验研究  

Near-Field and Far-Field Light Diffraction Experimental Study Based on Circular Hole

作　　者：袁宇博 赵小侠 郭钊 杨迪 王浩 罗奇松 贺俊芳 王碧熙 王红英 付福兴 杨森林 YUAN Yubo;ZHAO Xiaoxia;GUO Zhao;YANG Di;WANG Hao;LUO Qisong;HE Junfang;WANG Bixi;WANG Hongying;FU Fuxing;YANG Senlin(School of Mechanical and Material Engineering,Xi ’an University,Xi ’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安文理学院机械与材料工程学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2022年第1期7-12,共6页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：西安文理学院三年行动计划项目(2021XDJH03);西安文理学院横向合同(HL2021-88);光电教指分委2019年教育教学研究项目(gdyljs16、gdxgk12);陕西省科技成果转移推广计划(2020CGXNG-015);西安文理学院2021年度课程建设项目(JY2021KGD03、JY2021KGE03、JY2021KGC02)。

摘　　要：分析菲涅尔圆孔衍射的光强分布,搭建菲涅尔和夫琅禾费衍射实验装置,实验验证了圆孔夫琅禾费衍射可以看成圆孔菲涅尔衍射的一个特例。即在光源与衍射物圆孔距离保持不变的前提下,随着衍射物圆孔与观察屏距离的增大,衍射图样由近场衍射过渡到远场衍射。The light intensity distribution of Fresnel circular aperture diffraction is analyzed theoretically,and the experimental equipment of Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffractions are set up.The experimental results show that Fraunhofer diffraction with circular aperture can be regarded as a special case of Fresnel diffraction.In other words,with the increase of the distance between the diffraction object-circular hole and the observation screen,the diffraction pattern transitions from Near-Field to Far-Field diffraction under the premise that the distance between the circular hole of the diffraction object and the observation screen remains unchanged.

关 键 词：菲涅尔(近场)衍射 夫琅禾费(远场)衍射 衍射图样 过渡 

分 类 号：TP39[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]