三线扭摆法精确测量圆环转动惯量  

Accurate Measurement of Ring Moment of Inertia of a Ring Using a Three Wire Torsion Pendulum

作　　者：安盼龙 赵瑞娟 郑永秋[2] AN Panlong;ZHAO Ruijuan;ZHENG Yongqiu(Shaanxi Railway Institute,Weinan 714000,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Measuring Technology and Instruments Education,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西铁路工程职业技术学院,陕西渭南714000 [2]中北大学测控技术与仪器国家级实验教学示范中心,山西太原030051

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2022年第1期40-43,共4页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金面上项目(2021JM-542);陕西铁路工程职业技术学院自然科学基础研究计划(KY2020-01);陕西铁路工程职业技术学院中青年创新人才计划(KJRC202003);陕铁院校级教育教学研究项目(2019JG-17);陕铁院供电科技创新团队项目(KJTD201901);山西省应用基础研究计划项目(201801D121149)。

摘　　要：物体转动惯量的测量方法很多,有气垫转盘法、三线扭摆等等。三线扭摆法作为一种最传统的测量方法,具有测量结果准确,方便快捷等优点。针对质量分布均匀,几何尺寸规则的同心钢质圆环的转动惯量的测量,首先通过理论分析,得到钢环转动惯量的理论值,其次进行分步骤等精度实验测量,测量过程中分析误差成因并尽量减小,得到积分值与实验值的相对误差小于0.5%。为定轴条件下系统研究物体转动惯量提供参考。There are many methods to measure the moment of inertia of objects,such as air cushion turntable method,three wire torsion pendulum and so on.As one of the most traditional measurement methods,the three wire torsion pendulum method has the advantages of accurate measurement results,convenience and rapidity.For the measurement of the moment of inertia of the concentric steel ring with uniform mass distribution and regular geometric dimensions,firstly,the theoretical value of the moment of inertia of the steel ring is obtained throug theoretical analysis,and then the step-by-step equal precision experimental measurement is carried out.In the measurement process,the causes of the error are analyzed and minimized,and the relative error between the integral value and the experimental value is less than 0.5%.It provides a reference for the systematic study of the moment of inertia of an object under the condition of fixed axis.

关 键 词：三线扭摆 转动惯量 误差 

分 类 号：O433[机械工程—光学工程] TP212[理学—光学]