CRISPR-Cas技术在病毒性传染病诊断中的应用  

Application of CRISPR-Cas Technology in Diagnosis of Viral Infectious Diseases

作　　者：战佳兴 文雪霞 张莹[1] ZHAN Jia-xing;WEN Xue-xia;ZHANG Ying(Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China,Ministry of Education/College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning,110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院/东北畜禽疫病研究教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2022年第7期107-112,共6页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：军队后勤科研计划重大项目(AWS19J004);辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2020JH2/10200035)。

摘　　要：病毒性传染病尤其是新发和再发病毒性传染病一直是人类和动物健康的重大威胁,而开发准确、快速、便捷的诊断方法有利于病毒性传染病的有效防控。CRISPR-Cas系统是当前应用广泛的基因编辑技术。近年来,有些类型CRISPR-Cas系统已在传染性病原微生物的分子诊断方面展现出巨大潜力,其与核酸扩增、荧光标记等技术结合建立的检测方法准确、灵敏度高、操作简便,不需要很复杂的设备,适宜用于疫病的现场快速诊断。论文综述了CRISPR-Cas系统Ⅱ型CRISPR-Cas9、Ⅴ型CRISPR-Cas12和Ⅵ型CRISPR-Cas13技术的作用机制及其在病毒性传染病诊断中的应用,以期为病毒性传染病的诊断和防控提供参考。Viral infectious diseases,especially emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases,have always been a major threat to human and animal health.Development of accurate,fast and convenient diagnostic methods is conducive to the effective prevention and control of viral infectious diseases.The CRISPR-Cas system is currently a hot gene editing technology.In recent years,some types of CRISPR-Cas systems have shown great potential in the molecular diagnosis of infectious pathogens.Combined with technologies of nucleic acid amplification,fluorescent labeling and so on,the CRISPR-Cas system has been established diagnostic assays that are accurate,highly sensitive,easy to operate,and do not require complicated equipment,which is suitable for point-of-care diagnosis of pathogens.This article reviewed the mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas systems typeⅡCRISPR-Cas9,type V CRISPR-Cas12 and type VI CRISPR-Cas13 technologies and their application in the diagnosis of viral infectious diseases,in order to provide references for studying the prevention and diagnosis of viral infectious diseases.

关 键 词：CRISPR-Cas技术 病毒性传染病 分子诊断 

分 类 号：S854.43[农业科学—临床兽医学] S855[农业科学—兽医学]