某院2016-2020年常见肠杆菌目细菌分布及耐药性监测  

Distribution and drug resistance surveillance of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in a hospital during 2016-2020

作　　者：王璐 龚皖贤 毕景芳 彭成[3] 朱正荣[1,2] WANG Lu;GONG Wanxian;BI Jingfang;PENG Cheng;ZHU Zhengrong(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Affiliated Lu'an Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Lu'an,Anhui 237000,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Lu'an Municipal People's Hospital,Lu'an,Anhui 237000,China;Faculty of Medical Laboratory,Western Anhui Health Vocational College,Lu'an,Anhui 237005,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学附属六安医院检验科,安徽六安237000 [2]安徽省六安市人民医院检验科,安徽六安237000 [3]皖西卫生职业学院医学技术系,安徽六安237005

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2022年第11期1472-1476,共5页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2019A1256)。

摘　　要：目的了解六安市人民医院临床分离肠杆菌目细菌分布特征及对抗菌药物的耐药性变迁。方法回顾性分析2016-2020年分离自临床标本的肠杆菌目细菌的分布情况,采用自动化仪器法进行药敏试验。结果共收集肠杆菌目细菌8859株,其中大肠埃希菌占39.0%,肺炎克雷伯菌占36.9%,阴沟肠杆菌占7.0%,产气肠杆菌占3.6%,奇异变形杆菌占3.5%,其他肠杆菌目细菌占10.0%。肠杆菌目细菌标本分布以痰液最多,为39.3%。整体耐药率变化呈先升后降趋势。肠杆菌目细菌对亚胺培南和阿米卡星敏感率较高,均>90.0%,其次,对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢吡肟、头孢替坦敏感率较高,均>85.0%。共检出703株碳青霉烯类耐药肠杆菌目细菌(CRE),对常用抗菌药物耐药率除替加环素和阿米卡星外,均>50.0%。结论六安市人民医院肠杆菌目细菌耐药率目前呈下降趋势,需要持续关注,同时应加强合理用药管理和医院感染防控。Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of clinically isolated Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and the changes in their resistance to antibacterial drugs in Lu'an Municipal People's hospital.Methods The distribution of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria isolated from the clinical samples during 2016-2020 was retrospectively analyzed.The automatic instrument method was adopted to conduct the drug susceptibility test.Results A total of 8859 strains of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were collected,in which Escherichia coli accounted for 39.0%,Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 36.9%,Enterobacter cloacae accounted for 7.0%,Enterobacter aerogenes accounted for 3.6% and Proteus mirabilis accounted for 3.5%.Other Enterobacteriaceae bacteria accounted for 10.0%.The Enterobacteriaceae bacteria distribution was the most by sputum,accounting for 39.3%.The change of overall drug resistance rate showed the trend of first rising and then decreasing.The sensitivity rates of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria to imipenem and amikacin were high,both>90.0%,secondly which to piperacillin/tazobactam,cefepime and cefotetan were high,both were>85.0%.A total of 703 strains of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae(CRE)bacteria were detected out,and their resistance rates to commonly used antibacterial drugs were>50.0% except for amikacin and tigecycline.Conclusion The drug resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in Lu'an Municipal People's Hospital currently shows a downward trend,which needs continuous attention.At the same time,the management of rational drug use and the prevention and control measures of hospital infection should be strengthened.

关 键 词：肠杆菌目细菌 耐药性 耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]