淹水胁迫对不同倍性西瓜幼苗生理的影响  

Effects of flooding stress on physiology of different ploidy watermelon seedlings

作　　者：何楠[1,2] 王伟伟 赵胜杰 路绪强[1] 朱红菊[1] 孙小武[2] 刘文革[1] HE Nan;WANGWeiwei;ZHAO Shengjie;LU Xuqiang;ZHU Hongju;SUN Xiaowu;LIUWenge(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anyang 455099,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]湖南农业大学园艺学院,长沙410128 [3]安阳市疾病预防控制中心,河南安阳455099

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第5期51-56,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2025-ZFRI);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-26-03)。

摘　　要：为研究不同倍性西瓜幼苗在淹水胁迫条件下植株的形态及生理变化情况,以同基因型不同倍性蜜枚西瓜幼苗(M2x、M3x、M4x)为试验材料,进行不同程度、不同时间的淹水胁迫处理,对不同倍性蜜枚西瓜幼苗形态、光合特性、电导率及根系活力进行测定。结果表明,在半淹水处理条件下,随着幼苗的生长,胞间CO_(2)浓度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率整体均表现出逐渐上升趋势,而净光合速率、光合色素、根系活力表现出先上升后下降趋势;在全淹水处理条件下,随着幼苗的生长,胞间CO_(2)浓度表现出逐渐上升趋势,净光合速率表现出逐渐下降趋势,气孔导度、蒸腾速率、光合色素表现出先上升后下降趋势。其中,在全淹水条件下,蜜枚四倍体(M4x)相较于三倍体(M3x)和二倍体(M2x)光合色素含量、叶片的质膜透性及根系活力下降更明显,也更能适应生长,抗淹水能力更强,耐淹水能力为M4x>M3x>M2x。In order to reveal the effect of flooding stress on plant morphological and physiological changes in different ploidy watermelon seedlings,different ploidy watermelon seedling of the same genotype(M2x,M3x,M4x)were used as materials and exposed to different degree and period of flooding stress,the morphology characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,electrical conductivity and root activity were evaluated.The results showed that intercellular CO_(2) concentration,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate increased gradually with the growth of seedlings under half-flooding condition,while net photosynthetic rate,photosynthetic pigment and root activity increased first and then decreased.Under the condition of whole-flooding,with the growth of seedlings,intercellular CO_(2) concentration showed a trend of increasing,net photosynthetic rate showed a trend of decreasing,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,photosynthetic pigment showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.Compared with M3x and M2x,the photosynthetic pigment content,plasma membrane permeability and root activity of leaves decreased more obviously in M4x under whole-flooding treatment,and M4x was more adaptable to flooding.The flooding tolerance of different ploidy watermelon seedlings was tetraploid>triploid>diploid.These results provide reference for flooding tolerance breeding of different ploidy watermelon.

关 键 词：西瓜 倍性 淹水胁迫 生理变化 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]