强震动记录的数据处理流程:去噪滤波  

THE PROCEDURE OF FILTERING THE STRONG MOTION RECORD:DENOISING AND FILTERING

作　　者：姚鑫鑫 任叶飞[1] 岸田忠大 温瑞智[1] 王宏伟[1] 冀昆[1] YAO Xin-xin;REN Ye-fei;KISHIDA Tadahiro;WEN Rui-zhi;WANG Hong-wei;JI Kun(Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150080,China;Khalifa University,Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering,Abu Dhabi,127788,UAE;University of California,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Los Angeles 90095,USA)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]哈利法大学土木与环境工程系,阿联酋阿布扎比127788 [3]加州大学洛杉矶分校土木与环境工程学院,美国洛杉矶90095

出　　处：《工程力学》2022年第S01期320-329,共10页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0115700);黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年项目(YQ2019E036);国家自然科学基金项目(51878632,51808514);黑龙江省头雁行动计划项目。

摘　　要：强震动记录一直以来被用于工程结构弹塑性时程分析的地震动输入,其由仪器观测获得,需在使用前进行必要的数据处理工作。中国台网目前已累积了大量强震动观测记录,但始终缺乏标准化的数据处理流程,给使用者造成了诸多不便,不能最大程度发挥其科学应用价值。该文针对我国观测数据现状,提出了一套完整的面向工程应用的强震动记录数据处理流程,给出了高通滤波截止频率的选取原则,包括:记录的傅里叶振幅谱低频段须符合w^(2)震源模型、信噪比须大于3、确保与物理分辨率一致。研究了因果滤波与非因果滤波对记录时程的影响,结果表明:这两种滤波方式具有各自特性,因果滤波会引起记录相变、而非因果滤波则会引起信号前干扰震动;针对芦山地震数据集及2017年部分观测记录,研究了这两种滤波方式对伪加速度反应谱(PSA)的影响,结果表明因果滤波引起的相变会对有效周期范围内的PSA造成计算偏差,因此建议面向工程应用的强震动记录选用非因果滤波方式。此项工作有助于指导和规范强震动记录的合理使用。Strong motion records of ground have been used as the ground motion input for the elastic-plastic time series analysis of engineering structures.It requires necessary data processing before used,as they are obtained by instrumental observations.Many strong motion records of ground have been accumulated in China,but there is a lack of standardized procedure of data processing,causing some inconveniences to users and devaluating their scientific applications.A complete procedure of data processing for the strong motion record of ground is proposed,which will be particularly used in engineering practice.Three principles for selecting the cut-off frequency of high-pass filtering are suggested,including that the low-frequency Fourier amplitude spectrum must conform to the w2 source model,that the signal-to-noise ratio must be greater than 3,and that the physical resolution keeps consistent.The effects of causal and acausal filtering on the recorded time series are investigated.The results show that these two approaches have their own characteristics,causal filtering causes phase shift and acausal filtering causes interference vibration before signal arrives.The effects of causal and acausal filtering on the pseudo acceleration response spectrum are investigated using data collected in Lushan earthquake in 2013 together with some data recorded in 2017.It shows that the phase shift caused by causal filtering can cause bias in the calculation of PSA in the effective period range.Thusly,it is recommended to use acausal filtering for strong motion records used in engineering practice.It could help to guide the use of strong motion records of ground in an appropriate way.

关 键 词：强震动记录 数据处理流程 高通滤波截止频率 因果滤波 非因果滤波 

分 类 号：TU311.3[建筑科学—结构工程]