从“出”的音变历程看今本《经典释文》的改撰情况  

The Pronunciation Change of Chu(出)and the Modification of the Existing Jingdianshiwen(《经典释文》)

作　　者：武迎晗 杨军 WU Ying-han;YANG Jun

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]苏州大学文学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2022年第2期39-48,127,共11页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“《经典释文》文献与语言研究”(14ZDB097)。

摘　　要：“出”有去入两读,但意义区分不明。今本《经典释文》所存东晋音中,“出”的动作实际完成者非主语时,语义焦点在后,读去声音。唐以来“出”发生补语化,语义焦点前移,去声音丢失,所以《释文》首音多为入声。但从历代口语文献来看,这一变化发生在陆德明之后。残卷显示唐宋人有添改“如字”的情况,所以《释文》中“出”首音位置的一部分入声音(如字)也应当是改撰的结果。The purpose of this study is to sort out the sound-sense matching relation of chu(出),then discusses the modification of the present edition of Jingdianshiwen(《经典释文》).Chu(出)has the falling tone and the entering tone in the present edition of Jingdianshiwen,but the difference in meaning is very small.So its sound-sense matching relation is a problem to be studied.And whether the book has undergone modification by copywriters also needs to be discussed This study counts the use and frequency of chu in oral literature from the Eastern Jin dynasty to the Tang and Song dynasties through the literature research method to figure out its sound-sense matching relation,then proofread the present edition of Jingdianshiwen and the remnants of Dunhuang to prove whether the copywriters are able to modify the original text.The present edition of Jingdianshiwen contains some of the pronunciations of the Eastern Jin dynasty,which indicate that when the actual completion of the chu action is not the subject,the semantic focus is later and the pronunciation is the falling tone.After Tang dynasty,chu gradually became a complement,so semantic focus shifted forward,then the falling tone died away,so most of the first phonetic notation is ruzi(如字)-the entering tone-in the present edition of Jingdianshiwen.But this change came after Lu Deming's death.From the remnants of Dunhuang,it can he seen that people were likely to add or modify ruzi in Tang and Song dynasties.Therefore,the pronunciations of chu in the present edition of Jingdianshiwen should also be the consequences of the modified.

关 键 词：出 《经典释文》 语义焦点 补语化 改撰 

分 类 号：H114[语言文字—汉语]