不同氮肥用量对小麦氮素吸收分配及利用效率的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Nitrogen Uptake,Distribution and Utilization Effi⁃ciency in Wheat

作　　者：张永奎 赵成雷 陈士更 晁赢 胡凌云 张士刚 ZHANG Yongkui;ZHAO Chenglei;CHEN Shigeng;CHAO Ying;HU Lingyun;ZHANG Shigang(Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Tai′an,Tai′an 271000,China;Shandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Technology Co.Ltd,Tai′an 271000,China;Key Laboratory of Humic Acid Fertilizers,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tai′an 271000,China;Tai′An Hi-Tech Zone Science and Technology Innovation Department,Tai′an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市农业技术推广中心,山东泰安271000 [2]山东农大肥业科技有限公司,山东泰安271000 [3]农业农村部腐植酸类肥料重点实验室,山东泰安271000 [4]泰安高新技术产业开发区科技创新部,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2022年第9期92-93,120,共3页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目2020CXGC010803。

摘　　要：通过田间试验,采用15N示踪法,设置不同氮肥用量处理,研究不同氮肥用量对小麦氮素吸收分配及利用效率的影响。结果表明:小麦氮素积累量随着氮肥施用量的增加呈先增后减的趋势,N4处理的氮素积累量最高为281.40kg/hm^(2);小麦吸收的氮素主要积累在籽粒中,籽粒中的氮素积累量占小麦氮素总积累量的77.82%~80.59%;小麦吸收的氮素主要来源于土壤氮,来源于肥料氮的部分其追肥氮占比均大于基肥氮,成熟期氮素来源于基肥氮的比例为7.59%~10.51%,追肥氮的比例为11.23%~17.28%,土壤氮的比例为72.21%~81.18%。说明适量施肥,适当提高追肥比例,有利于提高氮肥利用效率。A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on nitrogen up⁃take,distribution and utilization efficiency of wheat.The results showed that the nitrogen accumulation of wheat in⁃creased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,the highest nitrogen accumulation was 281.40kg/ha in N4 treatment,and the nitrogen absorbed by wheat was mainly accumulated in grain,the nitrogen ac⁃cumulation in grain accounts for 77.82%-80.59%of the total nitrogen accumulation in wheat,and the nitrogen ab⁃sorbed by wheat mainly comes from soil nitrogen and from fertilizer nitrogen,the proportion of nitrogen from basal fertilizer was 7.59%-10.51%,topdressing nitrogen was 11.23%-17.28%,and soil nitrogen was 72.21%-81.18%.The results showed that proper amount of fertilizer application and proper increase of top dressing ratio were beneficial to increase n use efficiency.

关 键 词：小麦 15N示踪 氮素吸收 氮素分配 氮素利用 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]