天然放牧条件下河谷型藏绵羊及其与萨福克羊杂交后代肉品质的比较  

Comparison of Meat Quality of Valley-Type Tibetan Sheep and Its Hybrid Progeny with Suffolk Sheep under Natural Grazing Condition

作　　者：刘孟君 扎西央宗 尼珍[1] 阚向东[1] 次旺仁增 达娃顿珠[1] 任越 LIU Mengjun;Zhaxiyangzong;Nizhen;KAN Xiangdong;Ciwangrenzeng;Dawadunzhu;REN Yue(Institute of Livestock Research,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850000,China;Faculty of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,拉萨850000 [2]西藏大学理学院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第5期3077-3095,共19页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：西藏羊品种选育与健康养殖(XZ2021ZD0001N)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在通过比较天然放牧条件下河谷型藏绵羊及其与萨福克羊杂交后代(萨藏杂交羊)的屠宰性能和肉品质,评估萨藏杂交商品羊生产模式是否适用于高寒高海拔牧区。选用体况、体型基本一致的3月龄断奶萨藏杂交羊、河谷型藏绵羊公羔各50只,做好标记放牧于隆子县热荣乡沃塘村天然牧场,放牧时间为15个月,正试期结束后分别选择接近组内体重平均值的萨藏杂交羊、河谷型藏绵羊各10只进行屠宰,采集背最长肌测定肉品质指标和营养物质含量。结果显示:1)7、18月龄萨藏杂交羊的体重极显著高于河谷型藏绵羊(P<0.01)。2)萨藏杂交羊的胴体重、左半净肉重极显著高于河谷型藏绵羊(P<0.01),眼肌面积、左半骨重、骨肉比、屠宰率与河谷型藏绵羊无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)萨藏杂交羊背最长肌的红度值极显著高于河谷型藏绵羊(P<0.01),滴水损失显著高于河谷型藏绵羊(P<0.05),亮度值、黄度值、熟肉率、pH以及水分、粗蛋白质、肌内脂肪、粗灰分含量与河谷型藏绵羊无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)萨藏杂交羊背最长肌中矿物元素(钙、铁、锌、硒)、胆固醇、维生素(维生素A、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素B2)含量与河谷型藏绵羊无显著差异(P>0.05)。5)萨藏杂交羊背最长肌中氨基酸种类及含量以及脂肪酸种类与河谷型藏绵羊无显著差异(P> 0.05)。萨藏杂交羊背最长肌中辛酸(C8∶0)、花生四烯酸(C20∶4n6)含量显著高于河谷型藏绵羊(P <0.05),十四烯酰基肉碱(C14∶1)、t10c12-共轭亚油酸(t10c12-CLA)、二十二碳六烯酸(C22∶6n3,DHA)含量显著低于河谷型藏绵羊(P<0.05),其余脂肪酸含量二者间无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,天然放牧条件下,萨藏杂交羊的产肉性能高于河谷型藏绵羊,肉的营养品质与河谷型藏羊差异不大,且肉色及口感略优于河谷型藏绵羊。This experiment was conducted to evaluate whether the production mode of Suffolk×valley-type Tibetan sheep is suitable for high-cold and high-altitude pasture areas by comparing the slaughter performance and meat quality of valley-type Tibetan sheep and Suffolk×valley-type Tibetan sheep under natural grazing condition. Each 50 Suffolk×valley-type Tibetan sheep and valley-type Tibetan sheep 3-month-old weaned male lambs with the same body condition and body shape were selected for marking and grazing in the natural pasture of Wotang Village,Gerong Township,Longzi County for 15 months. At the end of the trial period,10 Suffolk×valley-type Tibetan sheep and 10 valley-type Tibetan sheep closed to the average body weight in the group were selected for slaughter,and the longissimus dorsi muscle was collected for measuring meat quality indexes and nutrient contents. The results showed as follows:1)the body weight of 7 and 18 months old Suffolk×valleytype Tibetan sheep was extremely significantly higher than that of valley-type Tibetan sheep(P<0.01). 2)The carcass weight and left half net meat weight of Suffolk×valley-type Tibetan sheep were extremely significantly higher than those of valley-type Tibetan sheep(P < 0. 01),and there were no significant differences in eye muscle area,left bone weight,bone meat ratio and slaughter rate between Suffolk×valley-type Tibetan sheep and valley-type Tibetan sheep(P>0.05). 3)The redness value of longissimus dorsi muscle of Suffolk×valleytype Tibetan sheep was extremely significantly higher than that of valley-type Tibetan sheep(P<0.01),the drip loss was significantly higher than that of valley-type Tibetan sheep(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences in brightness value,yellowness value,cooked meat rate,pH,and the contents of moisture,crude protein,intramuscular fat and crude ash between Suffolk×valley-type Tibetan sheep and valley-type Tibetan sheep(P>0.05). 4)The contents of mineral elements(calcium,iron,zinc and selenium),cholesterol and vitamins(vitamin A,vi

关 键 词：萨藏杂交羊 河谷型藏绵羊 放牧 肉品质 营养组成 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]