我国建制镇生活污水处理技术标准研究  

Research on technical standards for sewage treatment in administrative towns in China

作　　者：齐嵘[1] 张斌 荣月静 钟慧[1] 严岩[1] 刘俊新[1] 魏源送[1] 杨敏[1] QI Rong;ZHANG Bin;RONG Yuejing;ZHONG Hui;YAN Yan;LIU Junxin;WEI Yuansong;YANG Min(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science,Chinses Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinses Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《给水排水》2022年第5期38-44,共7页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部研究项目。

摘　　要：建制镇是新型城镇化与乡村振兴协调发展的重要载体。研究统计结果数据显示,我国10000-100000人口规模的建制镇数量占全国总建制镇数量的90.92%。建制镇污水产生量则呈现橄榄型分布,且具有较强的地域性:产生量<1000 m^(3)/d的建制镇数量比例为13.12%,主要处在西部地区;产生量为1000〜5000 m^(3)/d的建制镇数量为71.03%,均匀分布在中东部地区;产生量>5000 m^(3)/d的建制镇数量为15.85%,地处东部地区。直接套用城市污水处理的相关排放、设计与处理技术标准等“一刀切”方式,使得建制镇污水处理及长效运行面临严峻挑战。因此,以城乡融合发展为指导思想,明确不同区域建制镇污水的产生特征和规模界定范围,通过不同规模与不同排放去向建立建制镇污水分级分类的排放标准,因地制宜进行建制镇污水处理设施的技术路线选择,建立符合我国城乡融合发展进程的建制镇污水治理技术标准化体系对于加快推进新型城镇化与乡村振兴战略中的人居环境改善具有重要意义。Administrative town is an important carrier for the coordinated development of new urbanization and rural revitalization. The data of research results shows that the number of administrative towns with a population size of 10 000~100 000 in China accounts for 90.92% of the total numbers in the country. The amount of sewage generated by the administrative towns shows an olive-shaped distribution and has a strong geographical distribution that the proportion of the number of administrative towns generating <1 000 m^(3)/d is 13.12%, mainly in the western region, the number of established towns generating 1 000~5 000 m^(3)/d is 71.03%, evenly distributed in the central-eastern region, the number of administrative towns generating >5 000 m^(3)/d is 15.85%, located in the eastern region. Direct application of urban sewage treatment of the relevant discharge, design and treatment technology standards, such as "one-size-fits-all" approach, making the administrative town sewage treatment and long-term operation face serious challenges. Therefore, it is important to clarify the characteristics and scale definition scope of sewage generation in different regional administrative towns, to establish the discharge standards of sewage classification through different scale and different discharge destinations, to select the technical route of sewage treatment facilities according to local conditions, and to establish a standardized system of sewage treatment technology in line with the development process of urban-rural integration in China to accelerate the improvement of human living environment in the new urbanization and rural revitalization strategies.

关 键 词：建制镇 生活污水 处理技术 标准 城乡融合 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]