美国隔代照顾福利政策分析——基于困境隔代照顾群体社会保障权维护的视角  

Analysis on Grandparental Childcare Policies in the United States--Based on the Perspective of the Social Security Right Maintenance for the Groups in Difficulties of Grandparental Childcare

作　　者：郝素玉 刘琰 Hao Suyu;Liu Yan

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院 [2]不列颠哥伦比亚大学 [3]青岛科技大学法学院

出　　处：《人权研究（辑刊）》2021年第2期293-317,527,528,共27页Journal of Human Rights

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“特大城市基层社区协商共治的多主体参与机制研究”(项目编号:17CSH055)的阶段性成果;国家留学基金资助。

摘　　要：隔代照顾群体的生存困境与社会保障权受侵害问题逐渐引发社会关注,国家有承担相应权益保障的责任。从困境隔代照顾群体社会保障权维护角度分析发现,美国隔代照顾福利政策以收入维持、社会服务、住房救助、教育与医疗福利等实体性手段和相应的程序性手段为困境隔代照顾群体提供权利保护,其特点体现为“家庭主义”与“去家庭化”理念模式融合发展、延续自由主义福利体制传统、政策去商品化程度较低、社会保障权利的实有程度有所欠缺等。美国隔代照顾福利政策可以为中国相关政策讨论提供一个域外参考,可以在相关政策设计中引入隔代照顾视角,注意平衡家庭、国家与市场之间的关系。The living predicament of the groups of grandparental childcare and the infringement on their social security rights have gradually aroused social concern. The state has the responsibility to protect their corresponding rights and interests. From the perspective of the social security right maintenance for the groups in difficulties of grandparental childcare, the grandparental childcare policies in the US provides human rights protection by substantive and corresponding procedural means of income maintenance, social services, housing assistance, educational and medical welfare. The characteristics of these policies are embodied in the integration and development of the concept model of “ familyism” and “De-familialization”, the continuation of the tradition of liberal welfare system, the low degree of de-commoditization of policies, and the lack of substantive social security rights. The welfare policies of the US grandparental childcare can provide an extraterritorial reference for China’s relevant policy discussion. The implication for China can include introducing the perspective of grandparental childcare in the relevant policy design and balancing the relationships of family, state and market.

关 键 词：隔代照顾 社会政策 社会保障权 困境儿童 美国 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]