企业治污行为的环境效果——来自工业气体净化设备进口的证据  

Environmental Effects of Enterprises'Pollution Control:Evidence from the Import of Purifying Machinery for Gases

作　　者：方卉 李志远[2] FANG Hui;LI Zhi-yuan

机构地区：[1]复旦大学经济学院 [2]复旦大学经济学院、上海国际金融与经济研究院

出　　处：《产经评论》2022年第2期133-147,共15页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“生产全球化与传统产成品贸易对中美劳动力市场的影响”(项目编号:71773020,项目负责人:李志远);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“降低贸易政策不确定性对我国出口及整体经济的影响”(项目编号:17YJA790053,项目负责人:李志远)。

摘　　要：工业企业是污染排放的主体之一,也是环境规制的关键对象,评估企业治污行为的环境效果具有重要的理论和政策意义。基于2003-2010年中国地级市层面的数据,利用企业的工业气体净化设备进口衡量企业治污程度,研究企业污染治理行为对工业二氧化硫排放的影响。实证结果表明,企业治污设备的进口有效降低了污染气体的排放。在考虑进口企业的异质性后发现,国有企业治污行为的减排效果更为显著,这说明在我国环境问题上,国有企业起到了带头治理的关键作用;两控区内企业的治污效果显著好于两控区外企业,反映了政府加强环境规制力度将有效提升企业的治污效果。因此,对于环境治理这一综合的社会问题,需要中央政府、地方政府和企业各尽其责、共同发力。Enterprises are the main source of industrial pollution emission,as well as the key object of environmental regulation.It is of great practical significance to evaluate the environmental effect of enterprises'pollution control.Based on the prefecture level data from 2003 to 2010,this paper uses the import of purifying machinery for gases as a variable to measure the pollution control degree of enterprises,and studies the impact of enterprise pollution control on industrial sulfur dioxide emissions.The empirical results show that the import of pollution control machinery effectively reduces the emission.After considering the heterogeneity of enterprises,it is found that the emission reduction effect of state-owned enterprises'pollution control is more significant,which indicates that state-owned enterprises play a key role in China's environmental problems.In addition,we also found that the pollution control effect of enterprises in the acid rain control zones and SO_(2) control zones(TCZ)is significantly better than that of enterprises in the non-TCZs,which reflects that the strengthening of the government's environmental regulation will effectively improve the pollution control effect.

关 键 词：工业企业 治污行为 国有企业 环境效果 环境规制 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]