选区激光熔化成形点阵结构的各向异性对力学性能的影响  

Effect of Anisotropy on Mechanical Properties of Lattices Structures Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

作　　者：吴鸿飞 王维荣 王国伟 孙朝明[1] 张文康 沈显峰[1] 陈金明[1] Wu Hongfei;Wang Weirong;Wang Guowei;Sun Chaoming;Zhang Wenkang;Shen Xianfeng;Chen Jinming(Institute of Machinery Manufacturing Technology,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China;Institute of Fluid Physics,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所,四川绵阳621900 [2]中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2022年第4期1397-1405,共9页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：NSAF联合基金(U1930207);中国工程物理研究院创新发展基金(CX20210005)。

摘　　要：选区激光熔化技术(selective laser melting,SLM)成形的金属点阵结构由于具有结构设计自由度大、轻量化、缓冲吸能等优势,在航空航天等领域具有广泛的工程应用前景,然而对其力学性能的研究不够充分。本研究设计了不同方向的体心立方(body-centered cubic,bcc)和金刚石(Dia)2种晶胞点阵结构,基于SLM技术成形了AlSi10Mg点阵结构,并对成形试样进行了压缩试验,结合有限元分析(finite element analysis,FEA)研究了点阵结构的各向异性对其压缩响应和吸能特性的影响。结果表明,2种点阵结构均存在明显的各向异性。在相对密度基本一致的情况下,点阵结构方向从0°到45°,随着角度的增大,屈服强度明显增大,bcc点阵结构的各向异性对其压缩屈服强度的影响更加明显,Dia点阵结构的屈服强度明显高于bcc点阵结构。不同方向点阵结构的比吸能(specific energy absorption,SEA)存在明显差异,点阵结构方向从0°到45°,随着角度的增大,SEA明显增大,Dia点阵结构的SEA明显高于bcc点阵结构。不同方向点阵结构的碰撞载荷效率(crash load efficiency,CLE)存在明显差异,bcc点阵结构在0°方向取得最大值1.07,并随着点阵结构角度的增大逐渐减小,Dia点阵结构CLE随着点阵结构角度的增大而增大,并在45°方向上取得最大值1.01。The metal lattice structures manufactured by selective laser melting(SLM)has a wide range of engineering applications in aerospace and other fields due to its advantages such as large freedom of structural design,light weight,shock absorption and so on.However,the research on its mechanical properties is still insufficient.In this study,body-centered cubic(bcc)and Diamond(Dia)lattice structures with different directions were designed,and AlSi10Mg lattice structures were manufactured by SLM.Compressing tests were carried out on the formed samples.Combined with finite element analysis(FEA),the anisotropy effects of lattice structures on the compression and energy absorption properties were studied.The results show that bcc and Dia lattice structures have obvious anisotropy.In the case of roughly the same relative density,from 0°to 45°,the yield strength increases obviously with the increase of the angle.The anisotropy of the bcc lattice structure has a more obvious effect on the compressive yield strength,and the yield strength of the Dia lattice structure is significantly higher than that of the bcc lattice structure.The specific energy absorption(SEA)of the lattice structure in different directions is obviously different.From 0°to 45°,as the angle increases,the specific energy absorption increases significantly.The specific energy absorption of the Dia lattice structure is significan tly higher than that of the bcc lattice structure.The crash load efficiency(CLE)of the lattice structure in different directions is obviously different.The CLE of bcc lattice structure reaches a maximum of 1.07 in the 0°direction and gradually decreases with the increase of lattice structure angle.The CLE of the Dia lattice structure increases with the increase of lattice structure angle and reaches the maximum of 1.01 in the 45°direction.

关 键 词：选区激光熔化 点阵结构 压缩性能 吸能特性 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学] TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]