工业电解镍沉积层的微观组织演变特征  

Microstructure Evolution Characteristics of Industrial Electrolytic Nickel Deposits

作　　者：徐仰涛[1,2,3] 王超 刘志健[1] 卢建波 苏玉娟 Xu Yangtao;Wang Chao;Liu Zhijian;Lu jianbo;Su Yujuan(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metal,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;State Key Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Nickel and Cobalt Resources,Jinchang 737100,China;Baiyin Novel Materials Research Institute,Lanzhou University of Technology,Baiyin 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050 [2]镍钴资源综合利用国家重点实验室,甘肃金昌737100 [3]兰州理工大学白银新材料研究院,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2022年第4期1462-1469,共8页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

摘　　要：本工作研究了工业电解镍沉积层的微观组织随着沉积时间变化的特征。利用XRD、SEM、EBSD等分析手段对电解镍板择优取向,微观形貌,特征晶界分布等随着沉积时间变化的特征进行了研究。结果表明:电沉积镍板在表面上晶体主要以垂直于(200)面的方向生长,在截面上表现为(111)、(200)双择优取向,晶体生长方式为侧向生长。表面与截面表现出不同的微观形貌,表面上由棱锥状转变为胞状,生长机制由螺旋位错驱动生长变为原子聚集堆积长大;各阶段镍板截面形貌始终为层片状组织。沉积层中截面主要为大角度晶界,并产生大量的∑3孪晶界。稳定生长过程中,随着沉积进行大角度晶界比例逐渐下降,∑3晶界相对频率逐渐升高,但是它们都会受到电解槽环境变化的影响。在截面上沿着生长方向,电解镍板主要表现为<001>纤维织构,大量∑3孪晶界对沉积层取向产生影响。通过提高∑3孪晶界比例或选择∑3孪晶界较高频率所对应时间的电解镍,以此获得强度和塑性更优的电解镍。电解镍沉积层演变规律得以明确意味着在后期的研究或者指导工业生产中能够对电解镍的组织进行微观调控,实现工业条件下电解镍的订制生产。This work studied the characteristics of the microstructure of industrial electrolytic nickel deposits changing with deposition time.Using XRD,SEM,EBSD and other analysis methods,the preferred orientation,microstructure and characteristic grain boundary distribution of electrolytic nickel plate with the deposition time were studied.The results show that the crystals on the surface of the electrodeposited nickel plate mainly grow in the direction perpendicular to the(200)plane,the cross-section shows the(111)and(200)double preferred orientations,and the crystal growth method is lateral growth.The surface and the cross-section show different microstructures.The surface morphology changes from a pyramid shape to a cell shape and the growth mechanism changes from spiral dislocation-driven growth to atomic aggregation and accumulation.The cross-sectional morphology of the nickel plate is always a lamellar structure at each stage.The cross-section of the deposited layer is mainly high-angle grain boundaries and a large number ofΣ3 twin grain boundaries.In the stable growth process,the proportion of large-angle grain boundaries gradually decreases as the deposition progresses,nevertheless the relative frequency ofΣ3 grain boundaries gradually increases,but they will all be affected by changes in the environment of the electrolytic cell.In the cross-section along the growth direction,the electrolytic nickel plate mainly shows the fiber texture of<001>direction,and a large number ofΣ3 twin boundaries affect the orientation of the deposited layer.By increasing the ratio ofΣ3 twin boundaries or selecting the electrolytic nickel corresponding to the higher frequency ofΣ3 twin boundaries,electrolytic nickel with better strength and plasticity can be obtained.The evolution law of the electrolytic nickel deposition layer has been clarified,which means that the micro-control of the electrolytic nickel organization can be carried out in the later research or the guidance of industrial production,and the customized production

关 键 词：工业电解镍 EBSD 微观组织 择优取向 晶界 

分 类 号：TG146.15[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]