社区失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感现状及影响因素分析  

Current Status of Subjective Well-being of Family Caregivers of Community Disabled Elderly People and Its Influence Factors

作　　者：谢敏娟 肖康娇 杨腊梅 王瑞 李静芝 梁云芳[2] XIE Min-juan;XIAO Kang-jiao;YANG La-mei;WANG Rui;LI Jing-zhi;LIANG Yun-fang(School of Nursing,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510315,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学护理学院,广东广州510315 [2]广东药科大学附属第一医院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《护理学报》2022年第9期5-10,共6页Journal of Nursing（China）

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划2018年学科共建项目(GD18XGL34);广东省2019年度省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S201910573056)。

摘　　要：目的 调查广州市社区失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感水平,分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,于2019年8月—2020年8月选取广州市13个社区526名失能老人家庭照顾者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、总体幸福感量表、身体健康感知量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷和中文人生意义问卷对其进行调查,运用分层多元回归分析主观幸福感的影响因素。结果失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感总分为(69.41±19.17)分;分层多元回归结果显示,照顾者的社会人口学因素(性别、宗教信仰、婚姻状况和目前工作状态)、身体健康状况(患有慢性病数和身体健康感知)、照顾因素(是否与老人同住、与老人的关系和照顾意愿)、家庭支持(协助照顾工作的家庭成员人数和家庭关怀度)以及生命意义感是失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感的影响因素,共解释41.3%的变异量,其中身体健康状况贡献最大,解释14.4%的变异量。结论 失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感处于中等水平,受到性别、宗教、婚姻和工作状态等社会人口学特征、照顾情况、身体状况、家庭支持和生命意义感等因素的影响。社区工作者应加强照顾者生命意义教育,调动家庭支持作用,改善身体素质,增强幸福感体验,从而提高失能老人的照顾质量。Objective To investigate the subjective well-being(SWB) of family caregivers of the disabled elderly in Guangzhou and analyze its influence factors. Methods From August 2019 to August 2020, 526 family caregivers of the disabled elderly in 13communities in Guangzhou were conveniently selected and surveyed by using general information questionnaire, General Well-being Schedule, Health Perception Questionnaire, Family APGRA Index and Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of SWB of family caregivers. Results The total score of SWB of family caregivers of the disabled elderly was 69.41 ±19.17. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that sociodemographic factors(sex, religious belief, marital status and current professional status), physical health status(the number of chronic diseases and perceived health), factors of care(whether to stay with the elderly, relationship with the elderly and the will of care), family support(the number of family members to help take care of the elderly and family care) and meaning in life were the influencing factors of SWB of family caregivers of the disabled elderly,explaining 41.3% of the total variation. Physical health was the factor with the greatest contribution, explaining 14.4% of the variance. Conclusion The SWB of family caregivers of the disabled elderly is at a middle level. It was influenced by gender, religion, marriage and professional status, care, health status, family support and meaning in life. More education of meaning in life, more family support, and the coordination of various kinds of resources are conducive to reducing the burden of care, and enhancing caregivers’ physical health and happiness, thus to improve the quality of care for the disabled elderly.

关 键 词：失能老人 家庭照顾者 主观幸福感 身体健康状况 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]