基于材料测试的古代建筑石材研究——以抚州地区印山石为例  

Study on ancient building stone based on material testing:Taking the Yinshan stone in Fuzhou City as an example

作　　者：王炎松[1] 伍小敏 WANG Yansong;WU Xiaomin(School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学城市设计学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期485-494,共10页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAL05B07)。

摘　　要：以抚州地区传统建筑上广泛使用的石材印山石为研究对象,测定印山石样品的物理性质和力学性能,同时采用XRD、XRF、ICP、SEM等分析方法探明印山石的矿物成分和微观结构,并且测试了新开采出的印山石原石和明代建筑上的印山石样品,以进行对比分析。测试结果表明,印山石的抗压强度较高,而抗拉强度较低,脆性较低,具有较高的可钻性。印山石的主要矿物组分为石英、透长石和钠长石,且石英含量较高,SEM照片显示其晶粒尺寸小且分布均匀,并且原石样品和明代建筑上采集的样品之间无显著差异。在材料性能方面,印山石的装饰性能要高于其力学性能,是非常优秀的装饰石材。印山石的主要矿物成分化学稳定性高,并且杂质较少,同时其晶粒尺寸小且均一,是其具备突出的艺术表现力和抗风化性能的主要原因。Taking the Yinshan stone in Fuzhou City as the research object,the physical and mechanical properties of the Yinshan stone were tested,and its chemical composition and microstructure were probed by XRD,ICP-AES method,SEM and etc.,and the deep influencing factors of its excellent artistic behavior and weathering resistance were explored.The test results show that the Yinshan stone has high compressive strength,low tensile strength and high drillability.The main mineral components of Yinshan stone are quartz,sanidine and albite,and the content of quartz is high.SEM images show that the grain size of Yinshan stone is small and evenly distributed,and there is no significant difference between the new-quarried stone samples and the samples collected from Ming Dynasty buildings.In conclusion,the decorative performance of Yinshan stone is better than its mechanical performance,so it is indeed an excellent decorative stone material.And the high chemical stability of the main mineral composition,little impurities and the small and uniform grain size are the main reasons for its outstanding artistic expression and weathering resistance.

关 键 词：古建筑 天然石材 印山石 材料测试 化学性质 

分 类 号：TU521.2[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]