超短距离比赛配速训练:理论、实践与争议  

Ultra-Short Race-Pace Training:Theory,Practice and Controversy

作　　者：关志逊[1] 成佳 杨喆 崔薇 崔登荣 薛岚[1] GUAN Zhixun;CHENG Jia;YANG Zhe;CUI Wei;CUI Dengrong;XUE Lan(College of Physical Education and Health Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Hangzhou Linping District Linping No.1 Middle School,Hangzhou 311199,China;Shanghai Competitive Sports Training Management Center,Swimming Team,Shanghai 202162,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院,金华321004 [2]杭州市临平区临平第一中学,杭州311199 [3]上海市竞技体育训练管理中心游泳队,上海202162

出　　处：《体育与科学》2022年第3期97-103,共7页Sports & Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题,项目号:2018YFF0300406-3。

摘　　要：超短距离比赛配速训练(USPRT)是近年兴起的基于运动表现训练范式的一种新训练方法,目前应用在游泳项目上。其仅采用很少的运动量就可以达到顶尖运动表现的效果引起了国内外教练的极大兴趣,成为最热门的训练方法。同时,USRPT也受到了各方的质疑,引发了大量的争议。本研究立足教练学的视角,通过梳理USRPT相关的文献,回顾USRPT的起源与发展,介绍USRPT的核心理论以及在训练实践中的应用。辨析USRPT在理论和实践中存的争议。建议在应用USRPT时注意:第一,已有研究不支持USRPT诸多的排它性训练主张;第二,训练强度安排还是要根据训练目标追求一个合理的强度分配组合;第三,已有研究不支持仅采用USRPT来对青年少年运动员进行长期培养。Ultra-Short Race-Pace Training(USRPT) is a new training method based on the athletic performance training paradigm that has emerged in recent years and is currently applied to swimming training.USRPT claimed to achieve top athletic performance with only a very small amount of exercise volume has attracted coaches’ interests all over the world.At the same time,the USRPT also has sparked controversy.This study reviews the origin and development of the USRPT through the USRPT-related literature,and introduces the theory of the USRPT and its application in training practice,and analyzed the controversies existing in theory and practice of USRPT by sorting out the related literatures of USRPT.It is recommended to pay attention when applying the USRPT:First,the existing research does not support many of the exclusive training claims of the USRPT.Second,the training intensity arrangement should still pursue a reasonable intensity distribution combination according to the training goals.Third,existing studies do not support the use of USRPT alone for long-term training of young athletes.

关 键 词：超短距离 比赛配速训练 理论 实践 争议 

分 类 号：G808[文化科学—体育训练]